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Facilitación a largo plazo, específica de la sinapsis, de la aplisia sensorial a las sinapsis motoras: una función
1Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Cell
|January 15, 1998
Resumen
La plasticidad sináptica puede ocurrir en una sola rama de una neurona, independiente del cuerpo celular. Este cambio específico de la rama depende de la transcripción y la síntesis de proteínas locales para el nuevo crecimiento sináptico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
Sus antecedentes:
- La plasticidad sináptica de larga duración tradicionalmente involucra el soma y el núcleo.
- La ubicación celular precisa para la plasticidad sináptica sigue siendo objeto de investigación.
- Se sabe que la transcripción es crucial para la formación de la memoria a largo plazo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar si la plasticidad sináptica puede localizarse en una rama axonal específica.
- Investigar los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes a la plasticidad sináptica específica de la rama.
- Para explorar el papel de la síntesis de proteínas locales en la plasticidad sináptica.
Principales métodos:
- Cultivo de una sola bifurcada Aplysia neurona sensorial sinapsis con dos neuronas motoras.
- Se aplica serotonina a una rama axonal para inducir la plasticidad sináptica a largo plazo.
- Se analizaron los cambios específicos de la rama en las conexiones sinápticas y la síntesis de proteínas.
Principales resultados:
- Facilitación específica de rama a largo plazo demostrada en una sola rama axonal.
- Se ha confirmado que esta plasticidad depende de la transcripción mediada por CREB.
- Se observó un nuevo crecimiento sináptico exclusivamente en la rama tratada con serotonina.
- Se demostró que la síntesis de proteínas locales en los axones presinápticos es necesaria y estimulada por la serotonina.
Conclusiones:
- La plasticidad sináptica puede ser un fenómeno específico de la rama, no dependiente únicamente del soma.
- La síntesis de proteínas locales dentro de los axones presinápticos es suficiente para soportar cambios sinápticos a largo plazo.
- Este hallazgo redefine la unidad celular de la plasticidad sináptica para incluir mecanismos axonales localizados.
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