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Síntomas depresivos y deterioro físico en las personas mayores que viven en la comunidad
B W Penninx1, J M Guralnik, L Ferrucci
1Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892-9205, USA.
JAMA
|June 12, 1998
Resumen
Los síntomas depresivos en adultos mayores predicen una disminución de la función física durante cuatro años. Reducir el estado de ánimo deprimido puede ayudar a mantener las capacidades físicas en los ancianos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gerontología Gerontología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los síntomas depresivos son frecuentes en los adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad.
- La relación entre los síntomas depresivos y el posterior deterioro funcional requiere ser aclarada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si los síntomas depresivos aumentan el riesgo de deterioro funcional en personas mayores.
- Para evaluar la función física utilizando pruebas objetivas basadas en el rendimiento.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de cohorte prospectivo de 4 años en el que participaron 1286 participantes de 71 años o más.
- Se evaluaron los síntomas depresivos basales utilizando la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos.
- Medía el rendimiento físico a través de pruebas de equilibrio de pie, de caminata cronometrada y de elevación de sillas.
Principales resultados:
- El aumento de los síntomas depresivos predijo una mayor disminución en el rendimiento físico durante 4 años.
- Incluso los individuos sin discapacidad declarada mostraron un vínculo entre la gravedad de los síntomas depresivos y el deterioro funcional.
- La proporción de probabilidades de disminución en las personas con estado de ánimo deprimido frente a las que no lo tenían fue de 1,55 (IC 95%, 1,02-2,34).
Conclusiones:
- Los adultos mayores con síntomas depresivos enfrentan un mayor riesgo de posterior deterioro físico.
- Prevenir o reducir el estado de ánimo deprimido puede ser crucial para mantener la función física en los ancianos.
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