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Incidencia Infecciones por Chlamydia trachomatis entre mujeres adolescentes del centro de la ciudad
G R Burstein1, C A Gaydos, M Diener-West
1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. gburstei@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu
JAMA
|August 26, 1998
Resumen
Las altas tasas de infección por clamidia en las mujeres adolescentes requieren un cribado frecuente. Todas las mujeres adolescentes sexualmente activas deben someterse a pruebas de detección de clamidia cada seis meses.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud de los adolescentes.
- Epidemiología de las enfermedades infecciosas.
- Salud pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los adolescentes tienen un alto riesgo de contraer Chlamydia trachomatis, una de las principales causas de infertilidad.
- Las directrices actuales recomiendan exámenes de detección anuales para las mujeres adolescentes en riesgo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la epidemiología de las infecciones por clamidia en mujeres adolescentes.
- Para evaluar los intervalos óptimos de cribado.
- Para identificar los factores de riesgo para el cribado dirigido.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio longitudinal prospectivo de 3202 mujeres sexualmente activas de entre 12 y 19 años.
- Prueba de Chlamydia trachomatis utilizando la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa.
- Datos recopilados durante 33 meses en varios tipos de clínicas.
Principales resultados:
- La prevalencia de clamidia fue del 24,1% en las primeras visitas y del 13,9% en las visitas repetidas.
- Los niños de 14 años tenían la mayor prevalencia (27,5%).
- Los factores de riesgo independientes no pudieron identificar un subconjunto de alto riesgo.
Conclusiones:
- Se observó una alta prevalencia e incidencia de clamidia.
- Recomendar el cribado de todas las mujeres adolescentes sexualmente activas cada 6 meses.
- El cribado debe realizarse independientemente de los síntomas o factores de riesgo.
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