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Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion01:10

Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. He formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe.
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion01:29

Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. His first law states that all planets orbit the Sun in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun at one of the ellipse's foci. Therefore, the distance of a planet from the Sun varies throughout its revolution around the Sun.
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion01:18

Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. In 1909, he formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe. However, in 1918, he published his third law of planetary motion, which gives a precise mathematical relationship between a planet's average distance from the Sun and the amount of time it takes to revolve around the Sun. It...
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Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
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Gravitation Between Spherically Symmetric Masses

The gravitational potential energy between two spherically symmetric bodies can be calculated from the masses and the distance between the bodies, assuming that the center of mass is concentrated at the respective centers of the bodies.

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Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
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Un misterioso cúmulo de polvo en un disco alrededor de un sistema estelar binario evolucionado.

M Jura1, J Turner

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1562, USA. jura@clotho.astro.ucla.edu

Nature
|September 23, 1998
PubMed
Resumen

Los planetas pueden formarse alrededor de estrellas evolucionadas, como lo demuestra un cúmulo de polvo de masa de Júpiter descubierto en la nebulosa del Rectángulo Rojo.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La astronomía es la astronomía.
  • La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
  • Ciencia exoplanetaria Ciencia de los exoplanetas.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La formación de planetas alrededor de estrellas posteriores a la secuencia principal es posible, como lo demuestran los planetas que orbitan el púlsar PSR1257+12.
  • Las estrellas evolucionadas como HD44179 poseen discos de polvo, ofreciendo sitios potenciales para la formación de planetas.
  • La nebulosa del Rectángulo Rojo está asociada con una estrella evolucionada y un disco de polvo en órbita.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar el disco de polvo asociado con la nebulosa del Rectángulo Rojo utilizando observaciones de alta resolución angular.
  • Para determinar la presencia y las características de material potencial de formación de planetas en el disco.

Principales métodos:

  • Observaciones realizadas en longitudes de onda milimétricas y submilimétricas.
  • Se utilizaron técnicas de imágenes de alta resolución angular.

Principales resultados:

  • Detectado un grupo de polvo significativo en la región externa del disco de polvo del Rectángulo Rojo.
  • El grupo de polvo tiene una masa estimada comparable a la de Júpiter.
  • El tamaño del cúmulo excede el de nuestro Sistema Solar, ubicado mucho más allá de las típicas zonas de formación de planetas.

Conclusiones:

  • El descubrimiento sugiere que la formación de planetas podría ocurrir en lugares inesperados alrededor de estrellas evolucionadas.
  • La naturaleza del gran y lejano cúmulo de polvo sigue sin estar clara y justifica una mayor investigación.
  • Este hallazgo amplía la comprensión de los entornos potenciales para el desarrollo del sistema planetario.