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Un sistema de alerta por computadora para prevenir lesiones por eventos adversos de drogas: desarrollo y evaluación
R A Raschke1, B Gollihare, T A Wunderlich
1Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center, Phoenix, Ariz 85006, USA. robertr@samaritan.edu
JAMA
|October 30, 1998
Resumen
Un sistema de alerta por computadora identificó con éxito oportunidades para prevenir eventos adversos de medicamentos (EAD) en pacientes hospitalizados. Este sistema, integrado con los sistemas de información hospitalaria, ayuda a los médicos a evitar daños potenciales al señalar situaciones de riesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La informática médica es la informática médica.
- La seguridad del paciente.
- Apoyo para la toma de decisiones clínicas.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los eventos adversos de medicamentos (EAD) son una de las principales causas de lesiones iatrogénicas en pacientes hospitalizados.
- Las brechas de información durante la redacción de la orden médica contribuyen significativamente a las EAD.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y evaluar un sistema informático de alerta para prevenir las EAD.
- Para corregir errores de prescripción y detectar EAD antes de que ocurran daños graves.
Principales métodos:
- Serie de casos prospectivos llevados a cabo en un hospital universitario comunitario de 650 camas.
- Un sistema de información hospitalaria fue programado para generar alertas para 37 EAD específicos de fármacos.
- El sistema de notificación al médico aseguraba que las alertas fueran comunicadas.
Principales resultados:
- El sistema de alerta generó 1116 alertas, de las cuales 596 (53%) fueron verdaderamente positivas.
- Se identificaron posibles EAD a una tasa de 64 por cada 1000 admisiones.
- El 44% de las alertas verdaderamente positivas no fueron reconocidas inicialmente por los médicos.
Conclusiones:
- Los sistemas de información hospitalaria pueden utilizarse de manera efectiva para prevenir las EAD.
- Los médicos pueden aprovechar estos sistemas para identificar y mitigar los riesgos en varias EAD.
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