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Un dinosaurio depredador de hocico largo de África y la evolución de los espinosaurídeos
1P. C. Sereno, A. L. Beck, H. C. E. Larsson, J. D. Marcot, C. A. Sidor, J. A. Wilson, Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, 1027 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. D. B. Dutheil, Laboratoire de Paleontologie,
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 13, 1998
Resumen
Nuevos fósiles de dinosaurios espinosaurios de Níger revelan un alargamiento extremo del hocico y una vela de cadera. El análisis filogenético indica la evolución del Jurásico temprano de las adaptaciones depredadoras y la dispersión del Cretácico a través de la vía marítima de Tetis.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleontología Paleontología.
- Zoología de los vertebrados Zoología de los vertebrados.
- Paleobiología de dinosaurios Paleobiología de dinosaurios.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los espinosaurídeos son un grupo único de dinosaurios terópodos piscivoros.
- La evidencia fósil de la evolución y dispersión temprana de los espinosaurios es limitada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para describir un nuevo género y especie de espinosaurios del Cretácico Inferior de Níger.
- Para investigar las relaciones filogenéticas y la historia evolutiva de los spinosauridos.
Principales métodos:
- Excavación y análisis de restos fósiles del desierto de Tenere.
- Análisis filogenético que incorpora datos morfológicos.
- Anatomía comparativa con taxones de espinosaurios conocidos.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de un nuevo spinosaurid con un hocico extremadamente alargado y comprimido.
- Identificación de las espinas vertebrales en forma de cuchilla que forman una vela baja sobre las caderas.
- El análisis filogenético coloca el nuevo taxón en estrecha relación con los espinosaurios europeos, lo que sugiere la dispersión por vías marítimas de Tetis.
Conclusiones:
- El nuevo espinosaurídeo del Níger exhibe adaptaciones craneales y postcraneales únicas para el consumo de pescado.
- Las principales características depredadoras evolucionaron en el Jurásico, anteriores al hocico especializado.
- La evidencia fósil apoya la dispersión trans-Tetis de spinosauridos durante el Cretácico Temprano.
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