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La transmisión sináptica sensorial mediada por receptores de kainato en la médula espinal de los mamíferos
1Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Nature
|January 29, 1999
Resumen
Los receptores de kainato espinal median corrientes postsinápticas excitatorias rápidas (EPSC) en el cuerno dorsal superficial. Estos receptores son activados por fibras sensoriales de umbral alto y contribuyen a la transmisión del dolor.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Neurofisiología de la neurofisiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El glutamato es el neurotransmisor excitatorio primario en el sistema nervioso central.
- Los receptores AMPA y NMDA están bien caracterizados por su papel en la transmisión sináptica y la plasticidad.
- Las funciones fisiológicas de los receptores de kainato, particularmente en el hipocampo, han sido un foco reciente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel de los receptores de kainato en la médula espinal.
- Para determinar los tipos específicos de fibras aferentes que activan los receptores de kainato espinal.
- Explorar la contribución de los receptores de kainato espinal a la transmisión somatosensorial y al dolor.
Principales métodos:
- Estimulación de alta intensidad con un solo choque de las fibras sensoriales aferentes primarias.
- Registros electrofisiológicos de corrientes postsinápticas excitatorias (EPSC) en el cuerno dorsal de la médula espinal.
- Bloqueo farmacológico de los receptores de kainato y AMPA, y aplicación como agonista del receptor de mu-opiato.
Principales resultados:
- La estimulación de alta intensidad de las fibras sensoriales evocó rápidamente las EPSC mediadas por el receptor de kainato en el cuerno dorsal superficial.
- Las fibras aferentes de umbral bajo sólo activaban las EPSC mediadas por el receptor AMPA.
- Las EPSC mediadas por el receptor de kainato fueron bloqueadas por un agonista mu-opiato, y el bloqueo combinado de los receptores de kainato y AMPA dio lugar a antinocicepción.
Conclusiones:
- Los receptores de kainato espinal son activados por fibras aferentes primarias nociceptivas y termoreceptivas de alto umbral.
- Los receptores de kainato espinal juegan un papel importante en la transmisión de información somatosensorial.
- Dirigirse a los receptores de kainato espinal puede ofrecer un nuevo enfoque para el manejo del dolor.
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