部屋における聴覚的な距離感知
1TNO Human Factors Research Institute, Soesterberg, The Netherlands. bronkhorst@tm.tno.nl
Nature
|February 24, 1999
まとめ
新しいモデルは,修正された直接と反響のエネルギー比を使用して,知覚された音の距離を正確に予測します. この6ミリ秒の統合時間は,空間的聴覚における聴覚的地平線を説明します.
科学分野:
- アコースティクス アコースティクス
- サイコアコースティクス サイコアコースティクス
- 聴覚の知覚は聴覚の知覚である.
背景:
- 感知される音源の距離は,直音と反響の音エネルギー比に左右されます.
- これまでの研究では,この現象の定量モデルがありませんでした.
- 仮想音源技術は,遠隔感の制御研究を可能にします.
研究 の 目的:
- 感知される音の距離に関する定量モデルを開発する.
- 改変された直接対反射エネルギー比率の役割を調査する.
- 聴覚知覚における聴覚地平線効果を説明する.
主な方法:
- 仮想音源で生成された制御された決定的刺激を用いた2つの実験を行った.
- 改変された直流・反射エネルギー比率モデルを適用した.
- 6ミリ秒のインテグレーション時間を組み込み,直接的な音のエネルギー計算を行う.
主要な成果:
- 提案されたモデルは,知覚された距離に関する実験結果を正確に予測した.
- 修正された比率は,監査期間について説明を提供した.
- 6ミリ秒の統合時間は,直接的な音のエネルギー計算に不可欠であると特定されました.
結論:
- シンプルで改変された直振と反響のエネルギー比率モデルは,感知された音距離を効果的に予測します.
- 6ミリ秒の統合時間は,空間的聴覚と聴覚的地平線の重要な要因です.
- このモデルは,聴覚的な距離知覚と空間的な聴覚メカニズムに関する私たちの理解を前進させます.
関連する概念動画
Hearing
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Perception of Sound Waves
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
Sound Intensity Level
Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and hence a...
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and hence a...
Echo
The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case, then the...
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case, then the...
Auditory Perception
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...


