トロポスフィアのエアロゾールによる気候強制は,海上空の衛星観測で明らかになった
1Meteorological Research Flight, United Kingdom Meteorological Office, Farnborough, Hants GU14 0LX, UK. Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08542, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 26, 1999
まとめ
トロポスフィアのエアロゾールは地球の気候に影響を与えます. 衛星データによると,海塩のエアロゾールは,世界の平均的な,海洋上の晴れた空の放射線バランスの主要な原動力である.
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 気候科学 気候科学
- 地球科学 地球科学 地球科学
背景:
- トロポスフィアのエアロゾールは,地球の放射力に影響を及ぼすが,その濃度が変動すると,その影響が地球気候に及ぼす影響を理解することは困難である.
- エアロゾール効果の正確な評価は,気候モデルを改良し,将来の気候変動シナリオを予測するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- トロポスフィアのエアロゾールの空間的なパターンを,モデルベースの推定と衛星観測を用いて調査する.
- 地球の海上における地球平均の晴れた空の放射線バランスの主要なエアロゾール寄与者を決定する.
主な方法:
- 空間的なパターンを特定するために,エアロゾール分布のモデルベースの推定を用いた.
- 分析された衛星観測の晴れた空の太陽放射線予算データを,地球上の海洋にわたって分析した.
- 観測された放射線予算のサインと相関するエアロゾール分布パターン.
主要な成果:
- トロポスフィアのエアロゾルを示す空間的なパターンは,海上での衛星観測で明らかになった.
- 自然 (海塩) と人為的なエアロゾールの両方の地理的なシグネチャーが特定されました.
- 自然に発生する海塩エアロゾルは,海洋上の地球平均の晴れ空の放射線バランスの主要な寄与者であることが判明しました.
結論:
- モデルベースのエアロゾール推定は,エアロゾールが気候に与える影響を理解するために,衛星データを効果的に補完します.
- 海塩のエアロゾールは,海洋の放射線バランスに支配的な役割を果たし,天然のエアロゾール源の重要性を強調しています.
- エアロゾールと気候の相互作用に関するさらなる研究は,気候予測を改善するために不可欠です.
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