水性マグマ液体の密度について
1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1063, USA.
まとめ
シリケート溶液に溶けた水は,溶融の組成や水の濃度に関係なく,一貫した部分モール体積を持っています. この発見は,マグマ室の動力学と地質学的過程における鉱物の行動に関する理解に影響を与える.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- 物理化学 物理化学について
- ペトロロジー・ペトロロジーとは
背景:
- シリケート溶融中の水の振る舞いを理解することは,地質学的過程の解釈に極めて重要です.
- 以前の研究では,水が溶融特性に及ぼす影響の変動が示唆されていた.
研究 の 目的:
- 水性シリケート溶液中の水の部分モール容量を正確に測定する.
- 溶融密度,熱膨張,圧縮性に対する水の影響を調査する.
- これらの性質がマグマの動力学に及ぼす影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 制御された温度と圧力での水性シリケート溶液の精密度測定.
- 水濃度,物種化,溶融組成の分析.
主要な成果:
- シリケート溶液中の部分モラー水量 (V H2O) は,溶液の組成,水分,または種種に関係なく,恒定である (1000°C,1バーで22.9±0.6cm3/mol).
- 水の部分モラー熱膨張性と圧縮性を定量化しました.
- 塩基岩溶融の1重量%のH2Oは,温度上昇の400°Cまたは圧力低下の500MPaに相当する.
結論:
- 溶けた水は,予測可能な体積効果で,溶融の性質を大幅に変化させます.
- これらの発見は,鉄濃度の高い溶融物におけるプラジオクラスの沈没の生存可能性を支持し,水性マグマ室における組成的コンベクションの役割を強調しています.
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