食中のヘテロサイクリックアミンと結腸,直腸,膀,腎臓の癌:集団ベースの研究
K Augustsson1, K Skog, M Jägerstad
1Clinical Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Gunnar.Steineck@onkpat.ki.se
Lancet (London, England)
|March 12, 1999
まとめ
調理された食品に含まれる異環アミンは,典型的な摂取量で癌を引き起こす可能性は低い. 非常に高い消費量は発がん性に関連している可能性がありますが,さらなる研究が必要です.
科学分野:
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 栄養学的流行病学について
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
背景:
- ヘテロサイクリックアミン (HCA) は,肉や魚の調理中に形成される発がん性化合物です.
- HCAはヒトのDNAアダクトを形成し,がん発症における潜在的な役割に関する懸念を提起しています.
研究 の 目的:
- ヘテロサイクリックアミンの食事摂取量と,大腸および尿路でがんを発症するリスクとの関連を調査する.
主な方法:
- 人口ベースの症例対照試験の設計が採用されました.
- 食品と栄養素の摂取に関するデータは,食材調理のための写真による補足されたアンケートを通じて収集されました.
- 調理された食品のヘテロサイクリックアミンの含有量は,制御された条件下で定量化されました.
主要な成果:
- この研究には553人の対照群と多数のがん症例 (大腸,直腸,膀,腎臓) が含まれていた.
- HCAの日平均摂取量はグループによって異なっており,典型的な食事範囲内で明確な投与量反応関係は観察されなかった.
- 最も高い対最も低いHCA摂取クインティルの相対的なリスクは,大腸,直腸,膀,腎臓がんでは一般的に無意味でした.
結論:
- 研究された集団の通常の範囲内のヘテロサイクリックアミンの食事摂取は,結腸,直腸,膀,または腎臓がんのリスクを増加させるようには見えません.
- 極めて高い日々のHCA摂取量 (1900 ng以上) は,非常に低い統計的精度ですが,ヒトの発がん性との潜在的な関連を示しました.
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