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関連する概念動画

Limiting Reactant02:27

Limiting Reactant

The relative amounts of reactants and products represented in a balanced chemical equation are often referred to as stoichiometric amounts. However, in reality, the reactants are not always present in the stoichiometric amounts indicated by the balanced equation.
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For example, the mass of helium...
Fineness Modulus01:19

Fineness Modulus

The fineness modulus (FM) of aggregate is a numerical index that measures the coarseness or fineness of the particles. It is calculated by adding the cumulative percentages of aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100.
Consider performing sieve analysis on sand through a set of ASTM sieves. The weight of aggregate retained in each sieve and pan placed at the bottom is recorded, as given in Column B of Table 1.
To determine the fineness modulus of...
Methods of Medium Optimization01:28

Methods of Medium Optimization

Optimizing growth media enhances microbial proliferation and maximizes product yield. Statistical experimental design methodologies provide structured and reproducible approaches, offering progressively higher levels of robustness and efficiency.The One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) MethodThe One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) method involves adjusting a single variable while keeping all others constant. However, it cannot detect interactions between variables, often leading to suboptimal outcomes when...
Downstream Processing01:29

Downstream Processing

Downstream processing begins once fermentation is complete and involves a series of steps to recover and purify products such as acids, vitamins, antibiotics, or proteins.Cell HarvestingFor example, for intracellular protein-based products, the first step is harvesting the cells. This is typically achieved using centrifugation or filtration to separate the cells from the liquid phase.Cell Disruption for Intracellular ProductsIf the target product is intracellular, the harvested cells must be...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 21, 2026

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)
05:55

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Published on: June 16, 2018

トウモロコシの家畜化過程における選択の限界

R L Wang1, A Stec, J Hey

  • 1Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St Paul 55108, USA.

Nature
|March 27, 1999
PubMed
まとめ

トウモロコシの家畜化は,好みの特性を選択することを含んでいたが,遺伝的多様性は維持された. 選択は主にテオシンテ・ブランチド1遺伝子の規制領域に影響を与え,タンパク質をコードする領域に影響を与えなかった.

科学分野:

  • 植物遺伝学 植物遺伝学
  • 農作物の家畜化について
  • 進化生物学の進化生物学について

背景:

  • ~1万年前に発生した作物の家畜化には,古代の農業者による人工的選択が含まれていました.
  • 化中の強い選択は,作物の遺伝的多様性を大幅に減らすことができます.
  • テオシンテ・ブランチド1 (tb1) 遺伝子は,トウモロコシの進化と家畜化において重要な役割を果たしています.

研究 の 目的:

  • トウモロコシの家畜化過程における選択による遺伝的多様性への影響を調査する.
  • 選択の効果を理解するために,tb1遺伝子内のヌクレオチドポリモルフィズムを分析する.
  • 選択が tb1.1 の調節またはタンパク質コーディング領域に影響を与えたかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

  • テオシンテの枝分かれ1遺伝子における核酸多型性を調べた.
  • tb1.1の規制領域とタンパク質コーディング領域の両方で選択パターンを分析した.
  • トウモロコシとその野生の祖先の遺伝的多様性を比較した.

主要な成果:

  • 選択効果は,タンパク質コーディング領域ではなく,tb1の規制領域に限られていた.
  • 強い選択にもかかわらず,高い再結合率と長い家畜化期間により,遺伝的多様性が保たれた可能性が高い.

さらに関連する動画

Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization
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Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

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Untargeted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Analysis of Wheat Grain
07:10

Untargeted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Analysis of Wheat Grain

Published on: March 13, 2020

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 21, 2026

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)
05:55

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Published on: June 16, 2018

Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization
09:46

Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Published on: May 19, 2019

Untargeted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Analysis of Wheat Grain
07:10

Untargeted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Analysis of Wheat Grain

Published on: March 13, 2020

  • トウモロコシは,タンパク質をコードする遺伝子に対する選択の限られた影響と一致する,重要な遺伝的多様性を表しています.

    • 結論:

    • トウモロコシの家畜化には,何世紀もかかり,主にTB1.1のような重要な遺伝子の規制要素の選択が関与しました.
    • トウモロコシの家畜化は,メキシコ南西部のバルサス・テオシンテ (Balsas teosinte) から始まった.
    • 選択パターンを理解することは,作物の変動性と進化史を説明する鍵です.