関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 19, 2026

05:45
Rapid Determination of the Thermal Nociceptive Threshold in Diabetic Rats
Published on: May 17, 2012
有害な熱に対する高値の値を持つカプサイシン受容体のホモログである
M J Caterina1, T A Rosen, M Tominaga
1Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0450, USA.
Nature
|April 14, 1999
まとめ
研究者らは,新しい熱誘導イオンチャネルであるVRL-1を発見した. VRL-1は特定のニューロンで高温 (約52°C) を検知し,中程度の熱を検知するカプサイシン受容体 (VR1) を補完します.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 感覚生理学 感覚生理学とは
背景:
- ノシセプティブ感受性ニューロンは,明確な熱応答の値を通じて痛ましい熱を検知します.
- バニロイド受容体サブタイプ1 (VR1) は,適度な熱 (43°C) と陽子によって活性化される熱ゲートイオンチャンネルです.
- VR1は有害な熱的および化学的刺激の検出に関与しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 熱感に関与する新しいイオンチャネルを特定し,特徴づけること.
- 高値の熱刺激を検出するVRL-1の役割を調査する.
- 感覚神経細胞における熱検出の基礎となる分子機構の多様性を理解する.
主な方法:
- 分子クローニングと特徴づけによる新しい熱誘導イオンチャネルVRL-1の特定.
- 熱刺激を用いたVRL-1活性化値の分析.
- 感覚ガンジアおよび他の組織におけるVRL-1発現パターンの検査.
主要な成果:
- VRL-1は,高温 (~52°C) によって活性化される熱ゲートイオンチャネルであり,VR1.1とは異なる.
- VRL-1は主に中大直径の感覚ニューロンで発現する.
- VRL-1のトランスクリプトは,感覚神経系の外で発見され,より広範な役割を示唆しています.
結論:
- VRL-1は,特定の感覚ニューロン集団における高値熱伝導の受容体候補である.
- VR1 と VRL-1 のような関連イオンチャネルは,有害な熱の強度の範囲を検出するために協力します.
- VRL-1の発見は,熱感覚の分子基礎についての理解を広げています.
関連する概念動画
Specific Heat
The specific heat capacity of a substance refers to the energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celcius. Specific heat capacity is often represented in calories (cal), grams (g), and degrees Celsius (oC), but can also be expressed in joules (J), kilograms (kg), and Kelvin (K), among other units.
For example, increasing the temperature of one gram of water by 1°C requires one calorie of heat energy and can be written as 1 cal/g-°C, or 4186 J/kg/K.
For example, increasing the temperature of one gram of water by 1°C requires one calorie of heat energy and can be written as 1 cal/g-°C, or 4186 J/kg/K.
Thermosensation
Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
Physical Properties of Amines
Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
Increased Body Temperature
A body temperature above 38°C (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Hyperthermophilic Bacteria
Domain Bacteria includes some unique hyperthermophilic species. They exhibit remarkable adaptations that enable survival in extreme environments.Thermotoga species are rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-sporulating hyperthermophiles that form a sheath-like envelope called a toga. They ferment sugars or starch, producing lactate, acetate, CO₂, and H₂, and can also grow via anaerobic respiration using H₂ and ferric iron. Found in hot springs and hydrothermal vents, over 20% of their genes show strong...
Diversity of Archaea IV
Hyperthermophilic archaea are a group of extremophiles thriving at temperatures above 80°C, often in hydrothermal vents and volcanic soils where conditions surpass the boiling point of water. At such temperatures, proteins, membranes, and DNA in most organisms degrade, but hyperthermophiles have evolved remarkable adaptations to maintain stability and function.Unique Cellular FeaturesHyperthermophilic membranes are composed of a monolayer of biphytanyl tetraether lipids, which resist thermal...

