まとめ
クローンされたマウスのDNAセグメントは,kappa変数および常数領域の遺伝子が抗体生成細胞で再編成することを示しています. ソマティック細胞におけるこの遺伝子の再編成は,2つの軽鎖遺伝子アレルのうちの1つにしか影響を及ぼさない.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 抗体生成は,免疫グロブリン遺伝子の多様性に依存しています.
- 免疫グロブリン遺伝子の再編成は,抗体の多様性を生み出すための重要なメカニズムです.
研究 の 目的:
- ネズミにおける特定の免疫グロブリン遺伝子の体的再編成の直接的な証拠を提供するため.
- ソマティック再配置中のカッパ・ライトチェーン遺伝子のアレル行動を調査する.
主な方法:
- マウスの特定の染色体DNAセグメントのクローニング.
- 遺伝子配列の分析により,再配列を特定する.
主要な成果:
- カッパの変数領域と常数領域の遺伝子の体的再編成の直接的な証拠が得られた.
- この再編成プロセスは,カッパの軽鎖遺伝子ペアの1つのアレルにしか影響しないことが観察されました.
結論:
- 免疫グロブリン遺伝子の体的再編成は,抗体生成細胞における基本的なプロセスである.
- このマウスモデルでは,カッパの軽鎖遺伝子再配列のアレル排除が実証されています.
関連する概念動画
01:10Antibody Structure
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
00:42Cross-reactivity
Overview
01:10Antibody Structure
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
02:32Exon Recombination
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...