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関連する概念動画

Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and reloaded.
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
Members Made of Elastoplastic Material01:19

Members Made of Elastoplastic Material

The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
As the bending moment...
Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry

When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their original...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint
07:09

In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint

Published on: March 7, 2014

ヒッポカンパの長期シナプス可塑性に関連した状脊椎の変化.

F Engert1, T Bonhoeffer

  • 1Max-Planck Institute of Neurobiology, München-Martinsried, Germany.

Nature
|May 20, 1999
PubMed
まとめ

ヒッポキャンプスの長期のシナプス強化は,デンドライトの新しい脊椎の成長につながります. 2フォトン画像で観察されたこの構造の変化は,神経の可塑性と学習に関連しています.

科学分野:

  • 神経科学は神経科学である.
  • 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
  • シナプスの可塑性

背景:

  • 海馬における長期のシナプス効果の強化は,神経の可塑性,回路の再編成,学習を理解するための重要なモデルである.
  • 機能的なシナプス変化と細胞下形態学的変化の間の直接的なリンクを証明することは困難でした.

研究 の 目的:

  • ヒポキャンパスのシナプスの長期的な機能的強化が,サブセルラーレベルで観察可能な形態学的変化に伴うかどうかを調査する.
  • CA1領域における新しい樹状脊椎の形成が長期増強 (LTP) と相関するかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

  • 局所的なスーパーフュージョン技術と2フォトン画像の組み合わせを用いた.
  • 構造的変化を観察するために,ポストシナプス型デンドライトの特定の領域を精査しました.
  • 誘導された長期増強と対照領域における脊椎の密度の比較.

主要な成果:

  • CA1領域に長期にわたるシナプス強化を誘導した後に,新しいデンドリティック・スパインの有意な増加が観察されました.
  • 短期間のシナプス増強は,重要な脊椎の成長をもたらさなかった.
  • 同じデンドライトの対照領域と,長期にわたる増強を阻害したスライスでは,脊椎の有意な成長は見られず,観測の特異性を確認した.

さらに関連する動画

Cantilever Bending of Murine Femoral Necks
06:44

Cantilever Bending of Murine Femoral Necks

Published on: January 5, 2022

Mouse Lumbar Vertebra Uniaxial Compression Testing with Embedding of the Loading Surface
07:52

Mouse Lumbar Vertebra Uniaxial Compression Testing with Embedding of the Loading Surface

Published on: December 1, 2023

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint
07:09

In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint

Published on: March 7, 2014

Cantilever Bending of Murine Femoral Necks
06:44

Cantilever Bending of Murine Femoral Necks

Published on: January 5, 2022

Mouse Lumbar Vertebra Uniaxial Compression Testing with Embedding of the Loading Surface
07:52

Mouse Lumbar Vertebra Uniaxial Compression Testing with Embedding of the Loading Surface

Published on: December 1, 2023

結論:

  • 海馬CA1領域のシナプスの長期的な機能的強化は,新しいデンドリート脊椎の形成と直接関連しています.
  • この研究は,長期的なシナプス増強および潜在的に学習と記憶における構造的可塑性の役割を支持する直接的な形態学的証拠を提供します.