ブルーシュランド火災管理に対する火災撲滅の影響を再検討する
1U.S. Geological Survey Biological Resources Division, Western Ecological Research Center, Sequoia-Kings Canyon Field Station, 47050 Generals Highway, Three Rivers, CA 93271-9651, USA. Center for Environmental Analysis-Centers for Research Ex.
まとめ
カリフォルニア州の野火は,一般的な考えに反して,頻度や規模が増加していない. 火災撲滅は,実際に,増加した点火の影響を軽減しているかもしれません. 都市拡大は破壊の主要な原動力です.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 林業 林業 林業 林業 林業
背景:
- カリフォルニアの灌木林の野火は,ますます破壊的であると認識されています.
- この傾向は,しばしば,より大きく,より激しい火災につながる火災撲滅政策に起因する.
研究 の 目的:
- カリフォルニア州における火災の歴史的データを分析し,火災の頻度,規模,強度の動向を決定する.
- 野火のダイナミクスにおける火災撲滅やその他の要因の役割を評価する.
主な方法:
- 1910年以来のカリフォルニア州全域の火災史データベースの分析.
- 火災発生頻度と人口密度の相関分析.
- 燃料年齢クラスと大規模な火災発生の関係に関する評価.
主要な成果:
- 火災発生頻度と火災被害面積は1910年以来減少していないが,火災の規模は増加していない.
- 火災の回転間隔は減ったが,火災シーズンの長さは変わっていないため,火災の強さが増加していないことを示唆している.
- 火災発生頻度は人口密度と相関しており,火災管理における火災撲滅の役割を示している.
- 大規模な火災は,古い燃料年齢クラスにのみ依存するものではありません.
結論:
- 歴史的なデータは,火災撲滅がカリフォルニアの灌木地帯でより大きく,より激しい野火をもたらしたという考えに異議を唱えている.
- 人口密度の増加は火災発生頻度に関連しており,火災抑制は点火の影響を軽減する上で重要な役割を果たしています.
- 燃料年齢層の操作によって大規模な火災を防ぐことは不可能である. 都市と野生の土地のインターフェースの拡大は,野生の土地の火災破壊の主な要因である.
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