コーヒーの消費と男性における症状性胆石疾患のリスクに関する前向きな研究
M F Leitzmann1, W C Willett, E B Rimm
1Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass. 02115, USA. Michael.Leitzmann@channing.harvard.edu
JAMA
|June 15, 1999
まとめ
定期的なコーヒー消費,特に1日4杯以上のコーヒーは,男性における症状のある胆石疾患のリスクを大幅に低下させます. この保護効果はカフェインの摂取と関連しており,デカフェインコーヒーとは関係ありません.
科学分野:
- 胃腸内科 胃腸内科
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 予防医学は,予防的な医療です.
背景:
- コーヒーには代謝特性があり,胆石の形成を阻害する可能性があります.
- 胆石病は,特に男性の間で,重要な健康上の懸念事項であり続けています.
研究 の 目的:
- コーヒー消費と男性集団における症状性胆石疾患の発生率との関係を調査する.
- カフェインの摂取が,コーヒーの潜在的な保護効果の重要な要因であるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 46,008名の米国の男性医療従事者を対象とした前向きなコホート研究 (Health Professionals Follow-up Study).
- コーヒーやカフェインを含む食事の摂取量は,1986年から1996年にかけての食事頻度アンケートで評価された.
- 症状のある胆石疾患の診断は,超音波検査またはX線検査,または胆囊切除術によって確認される.
主要な成果:
- 症状のある胆石疾患のリスクの低下は,コーヒーの消費量の増加 (2-3カップ/日:RR 0.60; 4+カップ/日:RR 0.55) とともに観察されました.
- すべてのコーヒー醸造方法はリスクの低下を示し,リスクの低下とカフェインの摂取量の増加 (P=0.005) が相関する有意な傾向を示した.
- デカフェインコーヒーの摂取は,胆石病のリスク低下と関連性がないことが示されました.
結論:
- カフェインによって誘発されるコーヒーの消費は,男性における症状のある胆石疾患に対する保護因子であるようです.
- 研究結果は,定期的なコーヒーの摂取が,男性における胆石疾患の予防策である可能性があることを示唆しています.
- コーヒーの保護効果の背後にある正確なメカニズムは,さらなる研究によって解明されるかもしれません.
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