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植物-昆虫の関連が,パレオセーン-エオセンの温暖化に反応する
1Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0121, USA. Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-4454, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 26, 1999
まとめ
地球の気温上昇は,昆虫の草食を増加させるが,これは,旧生代~新生代温暖化期からの化石植物に対する昆虫の被害の増加によって証明されている. この研究は,昆虫の草食が気温上昇に伴い強くなっていることを確認しています.
科学分野:
- パレオントロジー・パレオントロジー
- パレオボタニーは古植物学です.
- 昆虫と植物の相互作用
背景:
- 現代の昆虫の草食と多様性は,緯度が下がるにつれて増加します.
- これは,恒定の緯度で温度と草食性の強度の間の正の相関を示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 過去の地球温暖化が昆虫の草食に与える影響を調査する.
- 温度の上昇が昆虫の草食性の増加につながるという予測を検証するために.
主な方法:
- ワイオミング州で,旧紀後期から初期・エオセンの化石の葉の昆虫による損傷の分析.
- パリオセンの終わりとエオセンの初めの植物の間の草食動物レベルの比較.
主要な成果:
- 初期エオセンの植物は,後期パレオセンの植物と比較して,より大きな昆虫の被害の多様性と頻度を示した.
- ビーチファミリー (Betulaceae) は,最も高いレベルの草食性を経験しました.
- 証拠は,この間隔で草食動物ファウナ組成の変化を示唆しています.
結論:
- 化石の証拠は,気温上昇が昆虫の草食を増やすという予測を裏付けている.
- 地球温暖化現象は,植物-昆虫のダイナミクスに大きな影響を及ぼします.
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