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関連する概念動画

Carbon Skeletons01:12

Carbon Skeletons

Life on Earth is carbon-based, as all macromolecules that make up living organisms contain carbon atoms. All organic compounds have a carbon backbone. Each carbon atom is tetravalent and can bond with four other atoms, making it an extraordinarily flexible component of biological molecules. Because carbon’s valence electrons are stable, it rarely becomes an ion. As the carbon chain increases in length, structural modifications such as ring structures, double bonds, and branching side chains...
Speciation Rates01:07

Speciation Rates

Speciation can proceed at markedly different rates, and evolutionary biologists commonly describe these differences through the models of gradualism and punctuated equilibrium. Both patterns explain how new species arise, but they differ in the tempo and continuity of evolutionary change. In both cases, evolutionary change arises from heritable variation within populations, with natural selection often shaping traits that improve survival and reproduction under specific environmental conditions.
The Fossil Record02:56

The Fossil Record

The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
Quarrying of Stone01:15

Quarrying of Stone

Quarrying is the process of extracting stone from a quarry, where specialized techniques are employed to remove large blocks of stone safely and efficiently. This process can involve controlled explosions or more precision-oriented methods such as cutting and drilling.
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the block.
Buoyancy and Stability for Submerged and Floating Bodies01:11

Buoyancy and Stability for Submerged and Floating Bodies

In fluid mechanics, buoyancy and stability are key concepts for understanding the behavior of submerged and floating bodies. When a stationary body is fully or partially submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts a force on the body known as the buoyant force. This force acts vertically upward through a point called the center of buoyancy, which is the center of the displaced fluid volume. According to Archimedes' principle, the magnitude of the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid...
Diversity of Protists III01:27

Diversity of Protists III

Rhizaria are a diverse group of unicellular protists characterized by their threadlike cytoplasmic extensions known as pseudopodia. These structures aid in both locomotion and feeding, giving Rhizaria an amoeboid appearance. Their amoeboid morphology once led to taxonomic confusion, but molecular phylogenetics has clarified their evolutionary placement and emphasized their shared use of pseudopodia despite divergent lineages.This clade comprises diverse lineages such as Chlorarachniophyta,...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Analyzing the Movement of the Nauplius 'Artemia salina' by Optical Tracking of Plasmonic Nanoparticles
05:52

Analyzing the Movement of the Nauplius 'Artemia salina' by Optical Tracking of Plasmonic Nanoparticles

Published on: July 15, 2014

行方不明のリトトロフは,新しいプランクトマイセテと特定されました.

M Strous1, J A Fuerst, E H Kramer

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.

Nature
|August 10, 1999
PubMed
まとめ

科学者たちは,廃棄水処理の重要なプロセスである無酸素アンモニア酸化 (anammox) に責任を負う新しい細菌を発見しました. この発見は,環境科学における培養不可能な微生物という長年にわたる課題に取り組んでいます.

さらに関連する動画

A New Clarification Method to Visualize Biliary Degeneration During Liver Metamorphosis in Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
07:03

A New Clarification Method to Visualize Biliary Degeneration During Liver Metamorphosis in Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

Published on: June 6, 2014

Alternative Method of Removing Otoliths from Sturgeon
05:07

Alternative Method of Removing Otoliths from Sturgeon

Published on: June 27, 2016

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Analyzing the Movement of the Nauplius 'Artemia salina' by Optical Tracking of Plasmonic Nanoparticles
05:52

Analyzing the Movement of the Nauplius 'Artemia salina' by Optical Tracking of Plasmonic Nanoparticles

Published on: July 15, 2014

A New Clarification Method to Visualize Biliary Degeneration During Liver Metamorphosis in Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
07:03

A New Clarification Method to Visualize Biliary Degeneration During Liver Metamorphosis in Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

Published on: June 6, 2014

Alternative Method of Removing Otoliths from Sturgeon
05:07

Alternative Method of Removing Otoliths from Sturgeon

Published on: June 27, 2016

科学分野:

  • 環境微生物学 環境微生物学
  • 排水処理技術 排水処理技術について
  • バイオテクノロジー バイオテクノロジー

背景:

  • 農業用肥料の使用の増加は,大きなアンモニアの排出につながり,人口が多い地域で環境問題を引き起こします.
  • アナエロビックアンモニア酸化 (anammox) は,アンモニアと窒素を二酸化窒素ガスに変換する革新的な排水処理プロセスです.
  • アネロビックアンモニア酸化を行うバクテリアは,以前は発見されていなかったが",自然界から失われたリトトロフ"と呼ばれていた.

研究 の 目的:

  • アナーロビックアンモニア酸化の原因となるバクテリアの発見と識別について報告する.
  • この新たに特定された微生物とそのユニークな生物学的特性を特徴づけるため.

主な方法:

  • 廃水から新しい細菌を分離し,同定.
  • 系統遺伝学的分析により,細菌はプランクトマイセタール系に属する.
  • 慢成長率と従来の栽培における課題の観察.

主要な成果:

  • プランクトマイセタール系に属する新しいオートロフ菌を発見した.
  • このバクテリアが,無酸素アンモニア酸化の原因として特定.
  • 成長が非常に遅い (14日間の倍増時間) と,従来の栽培に対する耐性が確認されました.

結論:

  • 以前は知られていなかったこのプランクトミケットの特定により",失われたリトトロフ"の謎が解明されました.
  • この発見は,培養不可能な細菌を理解し,廃水処理の進歩に大きく貢献する.
  • この発見は,バイオリメディエーションと微生物生態学のより広い分野に影響を及ぼします.