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米国における児童虐待による死亡率の把握不足
M E Herman-Giddens1, G Brown, S Verbiest
1Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC, USA. mherman-giddens@unc.edu
JAMA
|August 12, 1999
まとめ
致命的な児童虐待は,米国の重要な記録では著しく報告されていない. 検死医のデータは,より高い発生率を明らかにし,予防戦略を支援するために記録を改善する必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 法医学病理学 法医学病理学 法医学病理学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 児童福祉 児童福祉について
背景:
- 米国の死亡統計は,致命的な児童虐待の真の発生率を過小評価している可能性が高い.
- 児童虐待による死亡は,効果的な介入のために正確なデータを必要とする重要な公衆衛生問題です.
研究 の 目的:
- 致命的な児童虐待の実際の発生率を決定するために.
- 児童虐待による死亡の報告不足を重要記録システムで定量化するために.
- 小児の虐待関連殺人事件の発生率を推定する.
主な方法:
- 1985年から1994年のノースカロライナ州のデータを用いて,遡及的記述的研究が行われました.
- 特定ICD-9コード (E960-E969) の11歳未満の子供に関する検死医情報システムデータと,死亡の方法として殺人事件を分析した.
- 胎児死亡と非居住者を除く259件の児童殺人事件が検討されました.
主要な成果:
- 259件の児童殺人事件のうち84.9%が児童虐待によるものであった.
- 重要な記録システムでは,虐待に関連する死亡が58.7%も報告されていないが,全国的に虐待による殺人事件が61.6%も報告されていないと推定されている.
- 黒人の子どもは,より高い殺人率を経験し,生物学的な親は最も頻繁な加害者でした.
結論:
- 意識の向上にもかかわらず,重要な記録における致命的な児童虐待の重大な不確実性は依然として続いている.
- 児童虐待による死亡事故の正確な記録は,標的を絞った予防戦略を策定し,結果を監視するために不可欠です.
- 児童虐待殺人事件の増加率は,データ収集と報告システムの緊急改善を必要としています.
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