ケモカイン受容体CCR4は,腸内ではなく皮質の記憶T細胞によって血管認識される

J J Campbell¹, G Haraldsen, J Pan

¹Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305, USA. jcampbel@cmgm.stanford.edu

Nature

|August 31, 1999

まとめ

システム記憶T細胞は,ケモカイン受容体CCR4を使用して,炎症した皮膚をターゲットにします. このCCR4-TARC経路は,皮膚免疫に関与するT細胞を誘導するのに極めて重要です.

科学分野:

免疫学免疫学とは
細胞生物学細胞生物学
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

組織へのリンパ球の密輸は,地域免疫に不可欠です.
ケモカインは,リンパ球の粘着と内皮細胞の停止を制御することによって,リンパ球の動きを調節する.
組織特異的なホーミングメカニズムを理解することは,免疫反応を調節する鍵です.

研究の目的:

システミックメモリT細胞を特定の組織に誘導するキモカイン受容体CCR4の役割を調査する.
CCR4およびそのリガンドであるTARCおよびMDCが,皮膚特異性対腸特異性リンパ球ホーミングに関与するかどうかを決定する.

主な方法:

T細胞のケモカイン受容体発現を分析するためのフローサイトメトリ.
組織におけるケモカイン・リガンドの分布を検出するための免疫ヒストケミストリー.
生理学的フロー条件下におけるインビトロ粘着測定法.

主要な成果:

皮膚に宿る細胞を含む多くの全身記憶T細胞は,CCR4を発現し,TARCとMDCに反応する.
CCR4+リンパ球は炎症した皮膚に浸透しますが,消化器系には浸透しません.
TARCは,ICAM-1上でインテグリンに依存した粘着と,皮膚に宿るT細胞の停止を誘導する.

結論:

CCR4とそのリガンドTARCは,循環中のT細胞によって皮膚血管の認識に重要な役割を果たします.
この経路は,全身免疫に関わるリンパ球を皮膚に誘導するために重要であり,腸免疫と区別する.

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