米国におけるたばこ依存のカリキュラム 学部医学教育
L H Ferry1, L M Grissino, P S Runfola
1Department of Preventive Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Calif 92350, USA. lferry@sph.llu.edu
JAMA
|September 9, 1999
まとめ
ほとんどのアメリカの医学部では,禁煙に関する訓練が不十分であり,卒業生はニコチン依存症の治療に備えていない. タバコのカリキュラムの強化は,特に臨床年において,効果的な患者ケアに不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 医療教育 医療教育について
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- タバコの禁煙対策について
背景:
- タバコの使用は,米国において,予防可能な主要な死因の1つであり続けています.
- 禁煙に関する医師の訓練はしばしば不十分であり,適切な教育を受けていると報告したのは21%に過ぎません.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国医学部のカリキュラムにおけるたばこ教育と介入スキルの範囲と内容を評価する.
- ニコチン依存症の治療のためのトレーニングのギャップを特定する.
主な方法:
- 調査では,全国専門家パネルの勧告に基づいて,たばこ教育内容を評価した.
- データは,米国の126の医学部で医学教育を担当する122人の副院長から収集されました.
- カリキュラムの構成要素には,基礎科学と臨床科学,臨床経験,指導時間などが含まれていました.
主要な成果:
- タバコのカリキュラムの内容は,臨床科学 (4.4%) よりも基礎科学 (54.8%) でより一般的でした.
- ほとんどの学校 (69.2%) は,禁煙に関する臨床訓練を必要としなかった.
- 多くの学校では,毎年1時間未満の禁煙テクニックの授業が提供されています.
結論:
- 米国の医学部卒業生は,ニコチン依存症の治療に十分な訓練を受けていない.
- 臨床年度の禁煙指導と評価に重大な欠陥がある.
- すべての医学部で標準化されたコアタバコカリキュラムの開発と実施が推奨されています.
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