医学の大学院教育,1998-1999年:より詳しく見てみる
R S Miller1, M R Dunn, T Richter
1Operations and Data Analysis, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Chicago, IL 60610, USA. rmiller@acgme.org
JAMA
|September 9, 1999
まとめ
医者の人材計画には,訓練時間が長いため,多くの課題があります. 最近のデータは,在住者数のわずかな減少と,卒業生源のシフトを示しており,将来の医師供給に潜在的に影響を与えています.
科学分野:
- 医療教育 医療教育について
- 医療労働力分析 分析
- 医者の供給ダイナミクス
背景:
- 医者の労働力は,総数と専門の分布において重大な不均衡に直面しています.
- 医学の大学院教育 (GME) の研修期間は,労働力の不均衡の迅速な修正を妨げています.
- 既存のGMEデータ収集には,体系的な計画メカニズムが欠けている.
研究 の 目的:
- 1998~1999年の大学院医学教育 (GME) の活動と動向を分析する.
- 医者の労働力における微妙な,しかし潜在的に重要な変化を特定する.
- 将来の医師の労働力計画と政策を伝えるために.
主な方法:
- アメリカン・メディカル・アソシエーション (American Medical Association) の研究生医学教育プログラムに関する年次調査の分析 (1998年-1999年).
- 3~6年における在住医数,プログラム成長,卒業生源の動向の調査.
- 国際医学卒業生 (IMG) と米国の医学卒業生の参加と研修期間を比較する.
主要な成果:
- 総在住医師数は1998年にわずかに減少したが,GMEプログラムは増加した.
- アメリカの医学の卒業生のエントリーは安定したままでした; 骨科医の卒業生は大幅に増加した; IMGsは減少した.
- IMGはより長いトレーニング期間を追求し,プライマリケア専門分野の成長は停滞し,早期にプログラムを終了する居住者が増加しました.
- GMEに入国するIMGの有意な部分は,米国市民または永住者である.
結論:
- 表面的な安定性にもかかわらず,GME参加と卒業生からの情報源の微妙な変化には注意が必要です.
- GME資金の減少やその他の要因は,これらの傾向に影響を与える可能性があります.
- 医者の労働力に影響を与える要因を特定し,モニタリングすることは,将来の計画に不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
02:30Naturalistic Observations
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
01:08Data Collection by Observations
Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
An astronomer viewing the motion and brightness of stars in the sky and recording the data is an example of observational data collection. A botanist recording...
An astronomer viewing the motion and brightness of stars in the sky and recording the data is an example of observational data collection. A botanist recording...
01:11Observational Studies
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One example of...
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One example of...
01:26Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis
Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...