ニュージーランドでは,オゾン層の減少に伴い,夏の紫外線が増加しています
R McKenzie1, B Connor, G Bodeker
1National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, NIWA Lauder, PB 50061 Omakau, Central Otago, New Zealand. r.mckenzie@niwa.cri.nz
まとめ
ニュージーランド上空でのオゾン層の減少は,有害な紫外線 (UV) の有意な増加を引き起こしています. 紫外線の増加は,人間の健康と生態系にリスクをもたらします.
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 環境科学 環境科学
- オゾン層の研究について
背景:
- ニュージーランド (45°S) のローダー上空の夏のオゾンレベルは,長期にわたる減少を示しています.
- この地域の紫外線 (UV) 放射線の基準値は,すでに比較的高い.
研究 の 目的:
- オゾン濃度の低下がUV放射線の強度に与える影響を調査する.
- 異なる種類の紫外線放射線の変化を定量化するために.
- 人為的な紫外線放射の増加の証拠を提供するために.
主な方法:
- ニュージーランド・ローダーの長期オゾンデータ分析.
- 10年間にわたる紫外線放射のピーク強度の測定と比較.
- 紫外線B (日焼け,DNA損傷,植物損傷) と紫外線Aの違い
主要な成果:
- ピークUV放射線の強度の有意な増加が観察されました.
- 1998~99年の日焼けによる紫外線は,1990年代初頭より約12%高かった.
- DNAにダメージを与えるUV放射線と植物にダメージを与えるUV放射線は,より大きな増加を示したが,UV-A放射線は変化しなかった.
結論:
- 観測された紫外線の増加は,人間によるオゾン層の破壊と密接に関連しています.
- この発見は,南半球におけるオゾン層の変化による環境的影響を強調している.
- 高濃度の紫外線は,この地域の生物系に重大なリスクをもたらす.
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