アメリカ合衆国における肥満に起因する年間死亡者数
D B Allison1, K R Fontaine, J E Manson
1Obesity Research Center, St Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10025, USA. dba8@columbia.edu
JAMA
|November 5, 1999
まとめ
肥満は重大な健康上の問題であり,米国成人では毎年数十万人の死亡に寄与しています. この研究では,毎年約28万から32万5千人の死亡が肥満に関連していると推定されています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 肥満に関する研究
背景:
- 肥満は,米国における重大な公衆衛生問題です.
- 過去の肥満による死亡率の推定は,厳密な科学的評価が欠けていた.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国における成人人口の肥満に起因する年間死亡者数を定量化するために.
主な方法:
- アラメダ・コミュニティ・ヘルス・スタディとフレーミングハム・ハート・スタディを含む6つの主要な前向きなコホート研究から得られたデータを活用した.
- ボディマス指数 (BMI) の分布,人口規模,死亡率に関する1991年の国家統計を分析した.
- 成人参加者 (≥18歳) がBMIによって分類された:超重 (25-30 kg/m2),肥満 (30-35 kg/m2),重度の肥満 (>35 kg/m2).
主要な成果:
- 肥満に起因する推定年間死亡率は236,111から341,153の範囲で,すべての被験者からの危険比率を使用すると平均は280,184であった.
- 推定される肥満関連の死亡の80%以上は,BMIが30kg/m2を超える個人に発生しました.
- 全人口に対して非喫煙者/決して喫煙した者による危険比を用いると,平均推定324,940人の死亡 (範囲は262,541~383,410) が得られました.
結論:
- 米国の成人の肥満に起因する年間死亡者数は約28万人に推計されている.
- この推定値は,非喫煙者および決して喫煙していない者からの危険比率のみを考慮すると,約32万5000人に増加します.
- この調査結果は,米国における肥満に関連する大量死亡率の負担を強調しています.
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