関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 25, 2026

08:32
Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
ワクチンウイルスのアクチンベースの運動性は,受容体チロシンキナーゼのシグナル伝達を模倣する
F Frischknecht1, V Moreau, S Röttger
1Cell Biology Programme, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
Nature
|November 30, 1999
まとめ
Vacciniaウイルスは,細胞間を拡散するためにアクチンベースの運動性を使用します. この過程では,ウイルスタンパク質A36Rがリン酸化され,NckとN-WASPがアクチンアセンブリに利用される.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
背景:
- 細胞内病原体Listeria monocytogenesとShigella flexneriは,細胞から細胞に広がるためのアクチンベースの運動性を利用しています.
- これらの細菌に類似するワクチンウイルスも,細胞間拡散のためにアクチンベースの運動性を採用しています.
- バクチニアウイルスのアクチンベースの運動性に関与する正確なメカニズムと宿主因子は,依然としてほとんど特徴づけられていない.
研究 の 目的:
- ワクチンウイルスのアクチンベースの運動性の基礎にある分子メカニズムを解明する.
- このプロセスに関与する特定のウイルスタンパク質と宿主因子を特定する.
- ワクチニアウイルスがどのようにして宿主細胞の機械を乗っ取って拡散するかを理解するために.
主な方法:
- ウイルスタンパク質A36Rの酸化部位分析.
- コイムノプレシピテーションアッセイは,タンパク質の相互作用を研究するためのものです.
- キナーゼ阻害剤と遺伝子ノックダウンの存在下でのウイルスの拡散の分析.
主要な成果:
- Src-ファミリーキナーゼによるワクチンウイルスタンパク質A36Rにおけるチロシン112のリン酸化は,アクチンベースの運動性にとって重要である.
- リン酸化A36Rは,アダプタタンパク質Nck.と直接相互作用する.
- Nckは Ena/VASPファミリーメンバーの N-WASP を募集し,ウイルスの拡散に不可欠なアクチンアセンブリを容易にします.
結論:
- ワクチンウイルスは,アクチンベースの運動性のためにA36Rリン酸化,Nck,およびN-WASPを含むシグナル伝達経路を使用します.
- ウイルスは宿主細胞のアクチンポリメリゼーション経路を模倣して,細胞間で広がります.
- このメカニズムをターゲットにすることで,ウイルスの拡散を制御するための洞察が得られます.
関連する概念動画
Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria
Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a virus that...
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility
Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate.
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
Cell Motility through Blebbing
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...

