血管内皮細胞は,スフィンゴシン-1-フォスファートによって誘発された接合組と形態発生に固着します
M J Lee1, S Thangada, K P Claffey
1Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Physiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030-3501, USA.
Cell
|November 11, 1999
まとめ
脂質であるスフィンゴシン-1-リン酸 (SPP) は,内皮細胞の特定の受容体を活性化します. このプロセスは,血管新生の重要な側面である新しい血管の形成に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- 血管内皮細胞は,血管新生因子に反応して毛細血管ネットワークを形成します.
- スフィンゴシン-1-リン酸 (SPP) は,血小板から得られた生物活性脂質です.
研究 の 目的:
- 血管新生を調節するスフィンゴシン-1-リン酸 (SPP) の役割を調査する.
- SPP媒介の血管新生に関与する特定の受容体とシグナル伝達経路を特定する.
主な方法:
- 内皮細胞のSPPによるEDG-1およびEDG-3受容体の活性化を研究した.
- Gi/ミトゲン活性化タンパク質キナーゼ/細胞生存,およびRho/Rac結合アデレンス結合アセンブリを含む下流信号伝達経路を分析した.
- 内皮細胞の形態変異のためのEDG-1およびEDG-3シグナル伝達の必要性を評価した.
- SPPとポリペプチド血管新生生成長因子の相乗効果を in vivoで評価した.
主要な成果:
- SPPは,内皮細胞のGタンパク質結合受容体EDG-1とEDG-3を活性化する.
- SPPは,Gi/ミトゲン活性化タンパク質キナーゼ/細胞生存経路を誘導する.
- SPPは小型のGTPase Rho-とRac-カップルされたアデレンス接合部を促進する.
- EDG-1とEDG-3の両方の信号伝達経路は,内皮細胞による毛細血管のようなネットワーク形成に不可欠です.
- SPPは,血管新生生成長因子と組み合わせると,体内で成熟した新血管の形成を促進します.
結論:
- スフィンゴシン-1-ホスファート (SPP) は,血管新生の新たな調節剤である.
- SPPはEDG-1およびEDG-3受容体を通して作用し,内皮細胞の形態変異と新血管形成を制御する.
関連する概念動画
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
2.9K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.9K
Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation
3.2K
Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
3.2K
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
2.8K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
2.8K
Anchoring Junctions
4.3K
Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
4.3K
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions
3.2K
The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
3.2K
Formation of the Platelet Plug
6.2K
The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
6.2K


