市内公共住宅の児童のB型肝炎ワクチン接種,1991年から1997年
D S Lauderdale1, R J Oram, K P Goldstein
1Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Ill 60637, USA. lauderdale@health.bsd.uchicago.edu
JAMA
|November 24, 1999
まとめ
都市部では,B型肝炎ワクチン (HBV) の接種率は50%に達した. 早期のHBV予防接種は,他の小児ワクチンの適時受け取りを改善し,潜在的に全体的なワクチン接種率を増加させました.
科学分野:
- 小児感染症は,小児の感染症です.
- 公衆衛生と疫学について
- ワクチン学 ワクチン学
背景:
- 1991年に,B型肝炎ウイルス (HBV) に対する幼児の普遍的なワクチン接種が推奨されました.
- HBVワクチン接種シリーズの開始は,出生後数日以内に推奨されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 低所得都市人口におけるHBVワクチン接種率を評価する.
- 早期のHBV予防接種が後のワクチン接種に影響するかどうかを調査する.
主な方法:
- 小児予防接種プログラムからの免疫記録を利用したコホート研究.
- シカゴの公共住宅開発で1991年から1997年の間に生まれた1143人の子どもを分析し,35ヶ月間追跡調査を行った.
- HBVワクチンの投与量,DTPの投与量1および4:3:1シリーズの間に合わせた受注の評価.
主要な成果:
- タイムリーなHBVワクチンの接種率は,1995年以降に生まれた乳児では約50%にとどまった.
- 最初の1ヶ月以内に最初のHBV投与を受けた子どもは,DTP投与1を時間通りに受ける可能性が著しく高かった (60.1% vs 36.4%).
- 早期のHBV予防接種は,HBVシリーズと4:3:1シリーズを19ヶ月までに完了するより高い割合と関連していました.
結論:
- この都市部の人口におけるHBVワクチン接種率は,勧告から3年以内に他のワクチンと比較できる水準に達した.
- 乳児の出生時のHBVワクチン接種は,他の必須の幼児ワクチンの適時接種と関連しています.
- 早期のHBV予防接種は,幼児のワクチン接種スケジュールの遵守が低い集団のワクチン接種完了率を向上させる可能性があります.
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