関連する実験動画
Updated: May 22, 2026
09:26
How to Build a Vacuum Spring-transport Package for Spinning Rotor Gauges
Published on: April 7, 2016
サイクリング・ヴリル表現は,機能的なドロソフィラ・クロックには必要である
1Laboratory of Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Cell
|December 28, 1999
まとめ
研究者らは,ドロソフィラの新しいフィードバックループを発見した.
科学分野:
- クロノバイオロジー クロノバイオロジー
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- シルカディアンリズムとは,睡眠と覚醒のサイクルやその他の生理学的機能を調節する内生的な生物学的プロセスです.
- フルーツ・フライ (Drosophila melanogaster) は,昼夜時計のメカニズムを研究するためのモデル生物として使われています.
- 時計制御遺伝子は,生物学的プロセスの時間調節において重要な役割を果たします.
研究 の 目的:
- ドロソフィラの昼間時計の新しい構成要素と規制メカニズムを特定する.
- 昼夜リズムにおけるヴリル (vri) 遺伝子の役割を調査する.
- vriと他の既知の時計遺伝子の関係を解明する.
主な方法:
- ドロソフィラの時計制御遺伝子のスクリーンを実施しました.
- 遺伝子発現レベルを測定するためにRNA分析を使用しました.
- vrilleの機能を評価するために遺伝子操作を行った.
- フルーツハエの行動リズムを観察した.
主要な成果:
- 転写因子であるvrille (vri) を時計制御遺伝子として特定した.
- vriRNAのレベルが,dCLOCKとCYCLEによって調節される昼夜リズムで振動することを実証した.
- フリーサイクリングは,期間と時を超えた遺伝子の発現に不可欠であることを示しました.
- フリーサイクルの喪失は,長期間と不律性を含む行動リズムの変化につながることを発見しました.
- dCLOCKとVRIの両方がpigment-dispersing factor (PDF) を独立して調節することを明らかにした.
結論:
- ヴリルを含む新しい調節ループが,ドロソフィラの昼間時計で特定されました.
- サイクリングは,ドロソフィラの昼間時計の適切な機能を維持するために不可欠です.
- ヴリル遺伝子は,dCLOCKと共に,神経ペプチドの色素分散因子に影響を与え,明らかな行動に影響を与えます.
関連する概念動画
01:26Cross-bridge Cycle
As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
01:23Collar Bearings
Collar bearings are essential in various machines designed to support axial loads on rotating shafts. Depending on the specific application and requirements, they can be found with single or multiple collars.
01:21Rolling Resistance
When a solid cylinder rolls steadily on a rigid surface, the normal force applied by the surface on the cylinder is perpendicular to the tangent at the contact point. However, since no materials are entirely rigid, the surface's reaction to the cylinder involves a range of normal pressures.
For instance, imagine a hard cylinder rolling on a comparatively soft surface. The cylinder's weight compresses the surface beneath it. As the cylinder moves, the material in front of it slows down due to...
For instance, imagine a hard cylinder rolling on a comparatively soft surface. The cylinder's weight compresses the surface beneath it. As the cylinder moves, the material in front of it slows down due to...
01:17Rolling Resistance: Problem Solving
Rolling resistance, also known as rolling friction, is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object, such as a wheel, tire, or ball, when it moves over a surface. It is caused by the deformation of the object and the surface in contact with each other, as well as other factors like internal friction, hysteresis, and energy losses within the materials. Rolling resistance opposes the object's motion, requiring additional energy to overcome it and maintain movement. In practical...
01:09Rolling Without Slipping
People have observed the rolling motion without slipping ever since the invention of the wheel. For example, one can look at the interaction between a car's tires and the surface of the road. If the driver presses the accelerator to the floor so that the tires spin without the car moving forward, there must be kinetic friction between the wheels and the road's surface. If the driver slowly presses the accelerator, causing the car to move forward, the tires roll without slipping. It is essential...
01:09Rolle’s Theorem
Rolle’s Theorem states that if a real-valued function is continuous on a closed interval, differentiable on the open interval, and takes equal values at both endpoints, then there is at least one point within the open interval where the derivative of the function is zero.Rolle’s Theorem describes an important property of differentiable functions, this theorem applies to a real-valued function defined on a closed interval, provided three specific conditions are met. First, the function must be...