CD46はヒトヘルペスウイルス6の細胞受容体です

F Santoro¹, P E Kennedy, G Locatelli

¹Unit of Human Virology, DIBIT, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.

Cell

|January 5, 2000

まとめ

ヒトヘルペスウイルス6 (HHV-6) は,ヒトのCD46を感染と細胞融合のための細胞受容体として使用します. この発見は,HHV-6に関する新しい洞察をもたらします.

科学分野:

ウイルス学と免疫学
細胞生物学細胞生物学

背景:

ヒューマン・ヘルペスウイルス6 (HHV-6) は,エクサンテマ・サブティウム,免疫不全患者の好機性感染症,多発性硬化症,エイズの進行と関連しています.
HHV-6の細胞受容体を理解することは,その病原性およびトロピズムを解明するために不可欠です.

研究の目的:

ヒトヘルペスウイルス6 (HHV-6AとB) の2つの主要なサブグループが利用する細胞受容体を特定する.
HHV-6感染,細胞融合,および病原性におけるこの受容体の役割を調査する.

主な方法:

HHV-6のヒト細胞との相互作用を評価する実験が行われました.
モノクローナル抗体と溶解性CD46は,HHV-6媒介の感染と細胞融合をブロックするために使用されました.
再結合ヒトCD46は,HHV-6に対する感受性をテストするために,非ヒトの細胞で発現した.

主要な成果:

HHV-6サブグループAとBの両方が,ヒトのCD46を細胞受容体として使用することが示されました.
HHV-6感染中に表面CD46発現が減少した.
モノクローナル抗体と溶解性CD46はHHV-6感染と細胞融合を特異的に抑制した;CD46を発現する非ヒト細胞はHHV-6に敏感になった.

結論:

人間のCD46は,ヒトヘルペスウイルス6 (HHV-6) サブグループAとBの細胞受容体として機能する.
HHV-6による無所不在の免疫調節受容体の利用は,ウイルスのトロピズムと病原性に関する新しい視点を提供します.

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