アスリートの心. 心臓の構造と機能のメタ分析
B M Pluim1, A H Zwinderman, A van der Laarse
1Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Circulation
|January 25, 2000
まとめ
このメタ解析は,運動選手の心臓が,運動の種類によって異なる心的適応を示していることを確認しています. 筋力トレーニングをしたアスリートは,耐久力トレーニングをしたアスリートと比較して,左心室の壁の厚さが大きい.
科学分野:
- 心臓病学 心臓病学
- スポーツ医学 スポーツ医学
- 運動生理学 運動生理学
背景:
- "アスリートの心臓"という概念は,トレーニングの種類に基づいて,異なる心臓の形態論を示唆しています.
- 以前の研究では,強度訓練と耐久訓練による心臓形態の分離の仮説を十分に検証できませんでした.
研究 の 目的:
- 耐久力トレーニングと強度トレーニングの選手における異なる心臓適応の仮説を検証する.
- 異なるスポーツ分野における男性アスリートにおける心臓の構造と機能に関するエコーカルディオグラフィのデータを分析する.
主な方法:
- 1451人の男性選手を対象とした59件の研究から発表されたエコーカルディオグラフィのデータのメタ分析.
- 純粋に動的,純粋に静的,および動的/静的スポーツを組み合わせたスポーツにアスリートを含める.
- アスリートグループと対照群の心臓の構造的および機能的パラメータの比較.
主要な成果:
- 筋力トレーニングを受けたアスリートは,耐久力トレーニングを受けたアスリート (0.39mm) と比べて,左心室壁の相対的な厚さ (0.44mm) が著しく高かった.
- アスリートグループと対照群の間で,左心室内径,後部壁の厚さ,心室間隔膜の厚さの有意な違いが観察されました.
- アスリートと対照群の間で心臓機能 (エジェクション分数,分数縮小,E/A比率) の有意な差異は見つかりませんでした.
結論:
- 動的 (耐久力) と静的 (強度) スポーツにおける異なる心臓適応の仮説は確認された.
- スポーツ選手の心臓は,トレーニングの種類に関係なく,正常なシストリックおよびダイアストリック心機能を示しています.
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