アルコールは正静性低血圧を強化する: アルコール関連の (syncope) に関する影響
K Narkiewicz1, R L Cooley, V K Somers
1Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Circulation
|February 2, 2000
まとめ
短期間のアルコールの摂取は,静脈収縮を損なうことによって,正静脈低血圧を引き起こす. アルコールによるこの血圧調節障害は,飲酒に関連した昏睡を説明するかもしれない.
科学分野:
- 心血管生理学 心血管の生理学
- 自律神経系の規制について
- アルコールが血液動力学に及ぼす影響
背景:
- アルコール摂取はシンコパルのイベントと関連しているが,その背後にあるメカニズムは不明である.
- オーソスタティックストレスに対する反応障害は,アルコールを昏睡に結びつける潜在的なメカニズムです.
- この研究では,アルコールの摂取が矯正性ストレス中に血管収縮を損なうかどうかを調べました.
研究 の 目的:
- 短期間のアルコールの摂取が正静性低血圧を引き起こすという仮説を検証する.
- アルコールは,正静的ストレスに対する血管圧縮器の反応を損なうかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 14人の健康な若いボランティアで,ダブルブラインド,ランダム化,プラセボ対照試験が行われました.
- オーソスタティック・ストレスは,段階的な下部体負圧 (LBNP) を使用して誘発されました.
- 血圧,心拍数,前腕の血管抵抗 (FVR) は,アルコールまたはプラセボ摂取後のLBNP中に測定されました.
主要な成果:
- アルコール摂取は,LBNPに対する低血圧反応を強化し,シストリック血圧の低下がプラセボと比較してより大きくなりました.
- 前腕の血管抵抗 (FVR) は,プラセボ後のLBNPで増加したが,アルコールの摂取後に増加しなかった.
- アルコールは,プラセボと比較して,LBNP中のFVR応答を有意に低下させた (P=0.04).
結論:
- 短期的なアルコールの摂取は,静脈収縮障害による静脈収縮ストレス中に低血圧を誘発する.
- これらの発見は,アルコールの血動力学的効果についての洞察を提供します.
- この結果は,アルコールの摂取後に起こるシンコパルの出来事を説明するのに役立ちます.
関連する概念動画
Alterations in Blood Pressure
2.1K
Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart...
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart...
2.1K
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
1.7K
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
1.7K
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
367
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
367
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment
379
Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
379
Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction
423
Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...
423
Depressants
668
Depressant drugs, including alcohol and sedative-hypnotics, diminish central nervous system activity by enhancing the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that reduces brain activity and promotes relaxation. These substances can have various therapeutic uses but also pose significant risks, especially when misused or combined.
Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...
Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...
668


