大人の脊髄の感覚軸索の機能的再生
M S Ramer1, J V Priestley, S B McMahon
1Neuroscience Research Centre, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' School of Biomedical Sciences, London, UK. matt.ramer@kcl.ac.uk
Nature
|February 5, 2000
まとめ
神経成長因子 (NGF) や膠質由来神経栄養因子 (GDNF) のような神経栄養因子は,傷害後の脊髄に感覚軸索の再生を促進します. この機能的再接続は,背骨の根の脱皮による傷害からの回復を助けます.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 再生医学は,再生医療である.
- 脊髄損傷に関する研究
背景:
- 軸索再生は,中枢神経系と外周神経系の移行地帯で阻害されます.
- この再生障壁は,神経科学における長年の課題である.
研究 の 目的:
- トロフィックサポートが軸索の再生障壁を克服できるかどうかを調査する.
- 脊髄根の軸索再生と機能回復を促進する特定の神経otrophic 要因の有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 背骨の根が損傷した成人のラットは,様々な神経栄養因子 (NGF,NT3,GDNF,BDNF) を投与した.
- 脊髄への背骨の根の入り口地帯を越えた軸索の再生を評価した.
- シナプス再接続は,背部の角ニューロンの機能的応答を観察することによって確認されました.
- 行動テストは,熱や圧力の感受性などの感覚機能の回復を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 神経成長因子 (NGF),ニューロトロフィン-3 (NT3),および膠質細胞系由来ニューロトロフィック因子 (GDNF) は,選択的軸索再生を促進した.
- 脳由来神経栄養因子 (BDNF) は,有意な再生効果をもたらさなかった.
- 機能的なシナプス再接続は,ニューロトロフィック因子で治療されたラットで達成されました.
- NGFとGDNFで治療されたネズミは,有害な熱と圧力に対する感受性の回復を示した.
結論:
- トロフィック・サポート,特にNGF,NT3,GDNFは,外周神経系と中枢神経系とのインターフェースの再生障壁を克服することができます.
- ニューロトロフィックファクター治療は,背骨の根の脱皮損傷後の機能的回復と感覚の回復を促進します.
- このアプローチは,根の剥離を含む脊髄損傷のための実行可能な治療戦略として有望です.
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