米根の周りの土壌におけるメタンの酸化をアンモニア基肥料によって刺激する
P L Bodelier1, P Roslev, T Henckel
1Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Biogeochemistry, Marburg, Germany. bodelier@cl.nioo.knaw.nl
Nature
|February 10, 2000
まとめ
世界の食糧安全保障に不可欠な米の農業に使用される肥料は,以前考えられていたようにメタン排出量を増加させないかもしれません. 私たちの研究は,これらの肥料が実際に米畑のメタンを消費する細菌を刺激することを示しています.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 農業科学 農業科学とは
背景:
- メタンは,地球温暖化に寄与する強力な温室効果ガスです.
- 米畑は大気中のメタンの主要な源であり,世界の排出量の少なくとも30%を占めています.
- 増加する世界人口を養うために米の生産を増やす必要があり,肥料の使用を拡大する必要があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 米畑の生態系におけるメタン酸化細菌に対するアンモニア基肥料の効果を調査する.
- 農業慣行,メタンの排出,地球温暖化との関係を再評価する.
主な方法:
- 放射性指紋の採取技術について.
- 分子生物学の方法.
- 米植物の根帯におけるバクテリアの分析.
主要な成果:
- 以前の仮定に反して,アンモニア基肥料は,米の根帯におけるメタン酸化細菌の活動と成長を刺激した.
- この刺激に責任を負う特定の細菌が特定されました.
- この発見は,肥料が農業からのメタン排出量に与える影響に関する既成の理解に異議を唱えるものである.
結論:
- 米栽培におけるアンモニア基肥料の使用は,以前考えられていたようにメタン排出を増加させないかもしれない.
- 肥料の適用は,メタンの酸化を促進することにより,メタンの放出を軽減する可能性があります.
- 地球温暖化に関する研究における農業投入の役割を再評価するために,さらなる研究が必要である.
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