伸縮因子Gの大規模な移動と,転位時のリボソームの広範な構成変化
H Stark1, M V Rodnina, H J Wieden
1Imperial College of Science Medicine and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, London, United Kingdom.
Cell
|February 17, 2000
まとめ
延長因子G (EF-G) は,リボソーム上のtRNAの動きを駆動する. Cryo-EM構造は,EF-Gを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- 延長因子G (EF-G) は,細菌のタンパク質合成に不可欠です.
- EF-Gは,リボソーム上の転送RNA (tRNA) の転位を促進し,AサイトからPサイトに移動させます.
- トランスロケーション中のEF-Gの構造的動態を理解することは,タンパク質合成のメカニズムを解明する鍵です.
研究 の 目的:
- tRNA転位前後のEF-G-リボソーム複合体の構造変化を視覚化するために.
- EF-Gの機能サイクル中の構成状態を調査する.
- EF-G結合と活性によって誘発されるリボソームの構造的再編成を特定する.
主な方法:
- 低温電子顕微鏡 (cryo-EM) を用いて,高解像度の3D再構築を行った.
- リボソームとEF-Gの複合体は,トランスロケーション前およびトランスロケーション後の状態で準備されました.
- 構造分析は,EF-Gドメインとリボソームサブユニット間の相互作用に焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- EF-G-リボソーム複合体の3次元再構築は,転移前と転移後の状態で生成されました.
- 前移位状態では,EF-Gドメイン1は50S L7/12茎と相互作用し,ドメイン4はタンパク質S4の近くの30Sサブユニットと接触する.
- 転位の間,EF-Gは重要な方向転換を経験し,ドメイン4が最終的に解読センターに到達し,リボソームは,特に30Sサブユニットで,実質的な構造変化を示します.
結論:
- EF-Gは,移転前と移転後の異なる形状を採用しています.
- リボソームの構造的変化,特に30Sサブユニットの頭と体の交差点での変化は,EF-G作用と関連しています.
- これらの発見は,EF-G媒介のtRNA転位のメカニズムを示唆しています.
関連する概念動画
GTPases and their Regulation
7.9K
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒ small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
Large G-proteins,...
7.9K
Mechanical Protein Functions
4.4K
Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force.
4.4K
Mechanisms of Membrane-bending
2.6K
The living membranes are flexible due to their fluid mosaic nature; however, their bending into different shapes is an active process regulated by specific lipids and proteins. The membrane bending can be transient as seen in vesicles or stable for a long time as in microvilli. Cells regulate the size, location, and duration of the membrane curvature.
Membrane bending can happen due to intrinsic changes in lipid composition or extrinsic association with different proteins. The proteins involved...
Membrane bending can happen due to intrinsic changes in lipid composition or extrinsic association with different proteins. The proteins involved...
2.6K
Small GTPases - Ras and Rho
4.4K
Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
4.4K
Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors
9.0K
G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical,...
GPCRs are also called heptahelical,...
9.0K
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity
824
Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
824


