類似のホックス遺伝子進化の過程で機能的同等性の維持

J M Greer¹, J Puetz, K R Thomas

¹Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84112, USA.

Nature

|February 25, 2000

まとめ

遺伝子の複製が生物の多様性を促進する. Hoxa3とHoxd3遺伝子は,同じ機能を示し,発現レベルが役割を決定する.

科学分野:

進化生物学の進化生物学について
遺伝学遺伝学とは
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

生物の多様性は,遺伝子の複製,変異,選択から生じ,機能的な分岐につながります.
哺乳類のホックス遺伝子複合体は,4つの染色体で39の遺伝子で構成され,遺伝子の増幅と重複のイベントを通じて進化しました.
類似の染色体位置に位置するトランスパラログのホックス遺伝子は,より大きな配列と発現の類似性を表しています.

研究の目的:

類似のホックス遺伝子,特にホックス3とホックスd3.3の機能的関係を調査する.
遺伝子の役割の違いが発現レベルの変化によるものであるかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

Hoxa3とHoxd3の遺伝子配列と発現パターンの比較分析.
遺伝子産物の能力を評価するために,モデル生物 (暗黙的に,例えば,マウス) での機能研究.

主要な成果:

Hoxa3 と Hoxd3 によってコードされるタンパク質は,同一の生物学的な機能を果たすことができます.
Hoxa3とHoxd3の役割における観察された差異は,遺伝子発現の定量的な差異に起因する.

結論:

Paralogous Hox遺伝子は,固有の機能的な冗長性を有しています.
差異的遺伝子発現は,Hox遺伝子の基本的能力を変更するのではなく,Hox遺伝子の生物学的役割を定量的に調節する.

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