16歳と17歳のドライバーに致命的な衝突の危険因子として乗客を運ぶ
L H Chen1, S P Baker, E R Braver
1Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205-1996, USA. lhchen@jhsph.edu
JAMA
|March 29, 2000
まとめ
10代のドライバーは,乗客との致命的な衝突のリスクが高くなります. リスクは,追加乗客ごとに著しく増加し,段階的な免許制限の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 交通安全研究 交通安全研究
- 青少年の健康について
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 自動車事故は,十代の死亡の主な原因です.
- 乗客を運ぶことは,十代のドライバーの衝突の潜在的なリスク要因です.
研究 の 目的:
- 乗客が16歳と17歳のドライバーの致命的な衝突リスクを増加させるかどうかを判断するために.
- リスクが昼間の時間,運転手/乗客の年齢,性別によってどのように変化するかを調べる.
主な方法:
- 死亡率分析報告システム,一般推定システム,全国の個人輸送調査 (1992-1997) のデータ分析.
- 運転者の死亡率を調査したところ,1000件の事故につき1000万回の運転で死亡している.
- 乗用車,バン,ピックアップトラックで運転する16~17歳のドライバーも含まれている.
主要な成果:
- 致死事故のリスクは,16歳と17歳のドライバーの両方にとって,乗客の数によって大幅に増加しました.
- 16歳児の1000万回の旅行につき相対的な死亡リスクは,1人の乗客で1.39から3人以上で2.82に上昇した.
- 17歳児の1000万回の旅行に対する相対的な死亡リスクは,1人の乗客で1.48から3人以上で3.07に上昇した. 増加したリスクは,1日の時間に関係なく観察されましたが,男性ドライバーはより高いリスクに直面しました. 男性または若い乗客 (<30歳) を運ぶことも事故死者を増加させた.
結論:
- 若いドライバー (16~17歳) の致死リスクは,乗っている乗客の数に伴い,増加します.
- 発見は,青少年向けの段階的な運転免許制度の中で乗客の制限を実施することを支持しています.
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