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Updated: Dec 26, 2025
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米国大学生・スポーツ選手の参加前心血管スクリーニング
G C Pfister1, J C Puffer, B J Maron
1Cardiovascular Research Division, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minn 55407, USA.
JAMA
|March 29, 2000
まとめ
多くのアメリカの大学は,学生-アスリートのための不十分な準備参加スクリーニングがあり,潜在的に心血管疾患を欠いている. この研究では,スクリーニングの慣行を評価し,多くのフォームが重要なガイドラインを欠いていることが判明し,突然の心臓死のリスクが増加しました.
科学分野:
- 心臓病学 心臓病学
- スポーツ医学 スポーツ医学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 若いアスリートの突然死が懸念され,効果的な予備スクリーニングの必要性が高まっています.
- 心血管疾患は,この集団における突然死の主な原因です.
研究 の 目的:
- 大学生・アスリートにおける潜在的に致死性のある心血管疾患を検出するための参加準備スクリーニングの現在の実践を評価する.
- 国立大学陸上競技協会 (NCAA) の機関が使用するスクリーニングフォームの適切性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 1110のNCAAメンバーのカレッジと大学を対象に調査を実施し,879 (79%) が回答しました.
- スクリーニングの実践とフォームは,1996年のアメリカ心臓協会 (AHA) のコンセンサスパネルガイドラインと比較して評価されました.
- チーム医師やスポーツディレクターから,スクリーニングの実施と範囲に関するデータを収集した.
主要な成果:
- 参加前のスクリーニングは,回答した学校の97%が要求し,81%がキャンパスで実施しました.
- 分析されたスクリーニングフォームの26%のみが,推奨された12のAHAガイドラインのうち少なくとも9つを満たし,24%が不十分とみなされました (≤4ガイドライン).
- 不適切なスクリーニング形式は,より小さなディビジョンIIIの学校では,より大きなディビジョンIの学校と比較して (30%対14%) より一般的でした.
- 形式の40%以上の主要な省略は,運動による胸の痛み,早急な突然死の家族歴,マーファン症候群の指標が含まれています.
結論:
- 多くの米国の大学における現在の予備入学スクリーニングプロセスは,学生選手の突然死につながる心血管異常を検出するのに不十分である可能性があります.
- リスクのある個人をよりよく特定するために,スクリーニングプロトコルの包括性と標準化を改善する必要がある.
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