未知の量子状態を削除できない
1Quantum Optics and Information Group, Informatics, University of Wales, UK. akpati@sees.bangor.ac.uk
Nature
|February 7, 2001
まとめ
量子情報は完全に,あるいは不可逆的に消去することはできません. 古典的なコンピュータとは異なり,量子システムは任意の量子状態のコピーを削除することを防止し,量子計算アプリケーションに影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 量子情報科学とは,量子情報科学である.
- 量子コンピューティング
- 量子物理学とは,量子物理学のことです.
背景:
- ノークローニング定理は,任意の量子状態の完全なクローニングは不可能であると述べています.
- 量子情報の削除の可能性は,保存された情報を上書きするなど,量子コンピューティングの潜在的なアプリケーションに不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 量子情報,特に光子の偏極化状態が削除できるかどうかを調査する.
- 2つの同一の未知の量子状態を,元の未知のタイプの1つの状態と標準状態の1つの状態に変換するメカニズムが存在するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 量子力学の線性に基づいた理論的分析.
- 標準的な空白状態を作成することによって量子情報を削除する仮説的なプロセスの探求.
主要な成果:
- 量子理論の線性性は,任意の量子状態の完全な削除を根本的に禁止しています.
- 量子情報を消去する不可逆的なプロセスは,古典的な情報の消去に類似しており,量子力学では不可能です.
結論:
- 量子情報を完全に削除できないことは,量子計算に重大な制約を課しています.
- 古典的な情報とは異なり,量子情報は,量子理論の固有の原理により,取り消すことはできません.
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