亜北極の湖における紫外線曝露に対するオゾン層の減少に相関する気候変動の影響

R Pienitz¹, W F Vincent

¹Centre d'Etudes Nordiques, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. reinhard.pienitz@cen.ulaval.ca

Nature

|April 13, 2000

まとめ

ストラトスフィアのオゾン層の減少は,高緯度の生態系に影響を与えます. 湖の有色溶解有機物 (CDOM) の変化は,水中のUV放射線を大幅に変化させ,オゾン層の減少効果を上回る.

科学分野:

エコロジーエコロジーエコロジー
環境科学環境科学
パレオリマノロジーは,

背景:

高緯度の生態系は,平流層のオゾン層の枯渇による環境変化に直面しています.
北部の湖の低色溶解有機物 (CDOM) は,その水中の光が変化に敏感になる.
陸上の植生から得られたCDOMは,紫外線 (UV) を遮断します.

研究の目的:

ボレアル樹林湖の過去の水中光の変動を再構築するために.
CDOMの変化がUV-B,UV-A,そして光合成的に利用可能な放射線 (PAR) に与える影響を評価する.
歴史的な光の変動をオゾン層の減少の影響と比較する.

主な方法:

過去の環境条件を推論するために,化石ダイアトームの集合体の分析.
生物光学モデルの適用により,水中光のレジームを推定する.
ホロセンの古生物学的な変化の再構築.

主要な成果:

水中のUV-B,UV-A,PARの有意なシフトはホロセーン時代に観察されました.
これらのシフトは,亜北極の湖へのCDOM入力の変動と関連していました.
推定されたUV放射線への生物学的曝露の変化は,中程度のオゾン層の破壊よりも2倍の大きさでした.

結論:

過去のCDOMの変化は,淡水生態系における紫外線曝露に,中程度のオゾン層の減少よりも大きな影響を与えた.
植生やCDOMの輸出に対する気候変動の影響は,淡水生態系における水中スペクトル放射線を大幅に変化させるだろう.
北部の淡水生態系は,気候と植物の動態によって引き起こされるCDOMの変化に非常に敏感です.

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