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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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No description available
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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No description available
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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イーストのSm型タンパク質は,mRNAの断片化と分解に作用する.

S Tharun1, W He, A E Mayes

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.

Nature
|April 13, 2000
PubMed
まとめ

7つの酵母Sm型 (Lsm) タンパク質は,メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) の分解に不可欠であり,mRNAの分解の重要なステップです. これらのLsmタンパク質は,切断機構と相互作用し,mRNA崩壊経路の調節に直接的な役割を果たしていることを示唆しています.

科学分野:

  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • RNAの代謝について
  • ユカリオット遺伝子の発現

背景:

  • メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) 降解は,主としてデデエニレーション依存的分解を経由して5'-to-3'-衰退を経由して発生するエウカリオットにおける重要なプロセスです.
  • "Sm"モチーフで特徴づけられるSm型 (Lsm) タンパク質は,U6小核RNAと複合することが知られており,pre-mRNAスプライシングに不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • mRNAの断片と分解における酵母Lsmタンパク質の役割を調査する.
  • Lsmタンパク質とmRNA切断装置の構成要素の相互作用を決定する.

主な方法:

  • 特定のLsmタンパク質 (Lsm1-Lsm7) を欠いている酵母変異体の遺伝子解析.
  • 同免疫プレシピテーションは,タンパク質とタンパク質,およびタンパク質とRNAの相互作用を検出するための測定法です.
  • 野生型および変異性酵母菌株におけるmRNAの断片化および分解率の分析.

主要な成果:

  • イーストのLsm1-Lsm7タンパク質の変異により,mRNAの断片が抑制されました.
  • Lsm1-Lsm7タンパク質は,mRNA断片酵素 (Dcp1),断片活性化剤 (Pat1/Mrt1) およびmRNA.と共免疫圧縮することが判明しました.

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Measurement of mRNA Decay Rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using rpb1-1 Strains
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Measurement of mRNA Decay Rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using rpb1-1 Strains

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  • 証拠によると,Lsmタンパク質は,mRNAとデカッピング機構との相互作用を通じてデカッピングを促進する.

    • 結論:

    • イーストのLsm1-Lsm7タンパク質は,mRNAの分解を促進する上で重要な役割を果たします.
    • mRNAの分解に関与するLsm複合体は,U6小核RNAに関連したLsm複合体とは異なる.
    • Lsmタンパク質は,mRNA代謝のさまざまな側面を調節する特定の複合体を形成し,スプライシングと腐敗を含む.