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青少年における環境熱ストレスに対する血液動力学的反応における人種差異
R M Kelsey1, B S Alpert, S M Patterson
1University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, USA. rkelsey@utmem.edu
Circulation
|May 16, 2000
まとめ
黒人の若者は,白人の若者と比較して,冷たいストレスに対する心臓および血管圧縮反応性がより高いことを示しています. 血管の反応性のこれらの違いは,黒人の人の高血圧リスクに寄与する可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 心血管生理学 心血管の生理学
- 人種による健康格差
- 青少年の健康について
背景:
- 以前の研究によると,黒人の子どもは白人子どもに比べて,ストレスに対する血圧 (BP) の反応がより高いことが示されています.
- これらのBP反応性の差異を裏付ける特定の心臓および血管のメカニズムは不明のままです.
- 血管の反応性における人種的差異が,過剰な血管収縮か,不十分な血管拡張に起因するかどうかは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 血圧反応性における人種差異に対する心臓および血管の貢献を調査する.
- 血管の反応性における人種差異が,過剰な血管収縮または不十分な血管拡張を伴うかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 健康な黒人 (n=76) と白人 (n=60) の青少年 (平均年齢14.8歳) の血圧,心拍数,インピデンス・カルディオグラフィ (排泄前期[PEP]と全周抵抗[TPR]) を評価した.
- 冷たい (8~10°C) と熱い (40~42°C) 室への被動的曝露時の評価反応.
- 基礎的なメカニズムを探求するためにコヴァリアンス分析を使用しました.
主要な成果:
- 黒人の若者は,白人の若者と比較して,寒さに曝露したときにPEPの減少とTPRの増加を大きく示した (P<0.05).
- 熱への曝露の間,反応の有意なグループ差は観察されなかった.
- コヴァリアンス分析により,冷たいストレス中に黒人青少年におけるベータアドレナージュの心臓およびアルファアドレナージュの血管圧縮反応性がより高いことが示唆されました.
結論:
- 黒人と白人の青年は,熱ストレスに対する心臓筋と血管拡張反応が類似していた.
- 黒人の青年は,冷たいストレスに対する心筋梗塞および血管圧縮反応性の高まりを示した.
- 血管活性における人種差異は,血管拡張ではなく血管収縮を伴うようで,黒人の高血圧リスクに潜在的に寄与している.
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