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硬い骨格を持つ最初の動物によるデザインの選択肢の進化的利用
R D Thomas1, R M Shearman, G W Stewart
1Department of Geosciences, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17604, USA. r_thomas@acad.fandm.edu
まとめ
動物の骨格は急速に進化し,主要なボディプランが現れた1500万年以内に,利用可能な骨格のデザインの80%を利用した. これは,初期の進化が,利用可能な生物学的構成要素を使用して,骨格の多様性を最大限に高めることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- パレオントロジー・パレオントロジー
- バイオメカニクス バイオメカニクス
背景:
- 動物の骨格構造の多様性は,進化の重要な革新を代表しています.
- 骨格の進化における制約と機会を理解することは,進化生物学にとって極めて重要です.
- 以前の分析では,動物系における骨格の設計要素の広範な利用が示された.
研究 の 目的:
- 初期のカンブリア期の動物,特にバージス・シェイルの動物が,利用可能な骨格設計スペースをどの程度利用したか調査する.
- 主要な動物系統の出現に続いて,骨格の設計要素が組み込まれた割合を決定する.
主な方法:
- 動物の骨格の分析は,多変数で理論的な"骨格空間"の枠組みの中で行われます.
- バージス・シェイルの動物の骨格で利用された文字ペアの定量化 (定義された182のうち146).
- カンブリア初期の動物界における骨格要素の利用の比較と,後の海洋メタゾーンとの比較.
主要な成果:
- バージス・シェイルの動物には,定義された骨格の特徴のペアの有意な割合 (146/182) が含まれていた.
- 認識されている骨格の設計要素の少なくとも80%は,硬い部分を持つ主要な系統の出現から1500万年以内に利用されました.
- これは,動物の進化の初期に利用可能な骨格の形態空間が,迅速かつ広範に利用されたことを示している.
結論:
- 骨格発達の進化軌道は,利用可能な設計要素の急速な利用によって特徴づけられました.
- 初期の動物の進化は,骨格構造における高度な革新と多様性を示した.
- この発見は,骨格構造の基本的なツールキットがメタゾアの歴史の初期に大きく確立されたことを示唆しています.
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