act upはアクチンポリメリゼーションを制御し,細胞の形を変え,ドロソフィラの眼盤におけるヘッジホッグの信号伝達を制限する

A Benlali¹, I Draskovic, D J Hazelett

¹Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA.

Cell

|June 10, 2000

まとめ

アクトアップ (acu) 遺伝子の変異は,ドロソフィラの眼の発達に不可欠な細胞の形状の変化を妨害する. Acuは過剰なアクチンポリメリゼーションを防止し,細胞の形状と分化シグナリングを制御します.

科学分野:

発達生物学発達生物学とは
細胞生物学細胞生物学
遺伝学遺伝学とは

背景:

細胞の形状の変化は,組織発育,特にドロソフィラの眼盤のニューロン分化に不可欠です.
モルフォジェネティック・フォローは,これらの細胞イベントが起こる重要な発達構造である.

研究の目的:

ドロソフィラの目におけるニューロン分化に先立つ細胞形状の変化に関与する遺伝子を特定する.
眼の発達中のアクチンダイナミクスと細胞形態の調節における,新種の遺伝子,アクトアップ (acu) の役割を明らかにするために.

主な方法:

アクトアップ (acu) 遺伝子における突然変異の分離と特徴付け.
ドロソフィラの眼盤におけるアクチンダイナミクスと細胞形状の分析.
アキュとプロフィーリングを含むエピスタシス実験.

主要な成果:

Acuの変異は,形態遺伝的の中で特徴的な細胞形状の変化を妨げます.
Acuは酵母サイクラゼ関連タンパク質の同型であり,過剰なアクチンフィラメントポリメリゼーションを防止します.
プロフィリンはアクチンポリメリゼーションを促進し,アキュメントにエピスタティックに作用します.
acuとプロフィリンは,早すぎるヘッジホッグ誘発光受容体分化を抑制するために必要である.

結論:

アクチン繊維のアクチンとプロフィリンによるダイナミックな調節は,細胞の形状の変化と分化波の調整に不可欠です.
アクチンダイナミクスは,発達中の信号伝播を制御する上で重要な役割を果たします.

さらに関連する動画

09:54

Live-imaging of the Drosophila Pupal Eye

Published on: January 12, 2015

12:35

Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos

Published on: April 14, 2023

関連する概念動画

02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...

01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...

01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...

01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...

01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...

関連する実験動画