シングル・ゲッコの足毛の粘着力
K Autumn1, Y A Liang, S T Hsieh
1Department of Biology, Lewis and Clark College, Portland, Oregon 97219, USA.
Nature
|June 23, 2000
まとめ
ゲッコの足は,ファン・デル・ワールズの力を利用して粘着し,シタエと呼ばれる微細な毛が驚くべき強さを提供します. 独特の脚の脱皮メカニズムは,登りの効率を大幅に高めます.
科学分野:
- バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 動物学 動物学
背景:
- ゲッコは,並外れた垂直クライミング能力を発揮しています.
- 顕微鏡検査により,ゲッコの足には,数百万のケラチノス・シテが,スパチュラを持つことが明らかになった.
- これまでのセタル粘着の理解は,動物全体の推定に基づいていた.
研究 の 目的:
- 個々のゲッコ・シテの粘着力を直接測定するために.
- ゲッコの粘着の背後にある物理的メカニズムを調査する.
- ゲッコの足の指の動きが,つなぎ合わせをどのように強化するかを理解するために.
主な方法:
- 2次元マイクロ電気機械システムフォースセンサを使用しました.
- 精密な測定をするために,フォースメーターとしてワイヤーを使用しました.
- ゲッコの足の爪を丸める,剥がす行動を観察した.
主要な成果:
- 個々のシタエは,予想の"0倍以上の粘着性を示した.
- 粘着力は,ファン・デル・ワールス力に基づく予測と一致する.
- セットル・オリエンテーションとプレロードにより,固定力が600倍に増加しました.
- 剥離中に重要な角度で脱離が発生しました.
結論:
- シングルシテはヴァン・デル・ワールズ力によって作用し,ゲッコの粘着を説明する.
- ゲッコの移動には,脚の指の特定の動きがあり,足の機能を最適化します.
- ゲッコの粘着性を理解することは,新しい接着剤と登山技術の設計に情報を与えることができます.
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