登録看護師の労働力の高齢化がもたらす影響
P I Buerhaus1, D O Staiger, D I Auerbach
1Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Godchaux Hall, Room 512, Twenty First Ave S, Nashville, TN 37240-0008, USA. peter.buerhaus@mcmail.vanderbilt.edu
JAMA
|June 24, 2000
まとめ
登録看護師 (RN) の労働人口は,若い女性がより少なく職業に参入しているため,高齢化しています. この傾向は,RN供給の減少につながり,将来の医療需要を満たすことができない可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 医療従事者分析 医療従事者分析
- 介護の人口統計について
- 公共衛生政策 公共衛生政策
背景:
- 米国では,登録看護師 (RN) の平均年齢が1983年から1998年の間に大幅に増加しました.
- RNの高齢化労働力の原因と影響の経験的分析が欠けていました.
研究 の 目的:
- RNの年齢分布と供給に影響を与える要因を特定し,評価する.
- 将来のRNの労働力の年齢分布と2020年までの総数を予測する.
主な方法:
- 米国国勢調査局のデータを用いて,1973年から1998年にかけてのRN雇用動向の遡及的なコホート分析.
- 最近の労働力の動向に基づいて,長期のRNの年齢と雇用を予測する.
- 分析対象は,23歳から64歳までの60,386人の雇用RNでした.
主要な成果:
- RNの平均年齢は4.5年増加した (1983-1998).
- 最近のRNコホートでは,同様の年齢の以前のコホートよりも ~35%低いフルタイム相当数を示しています.
- 2020年までに,RNの労働力は,規模は静的かもしれませんが,予測される需要のほぼ20%を下回り,50%以上の年齢の40%以上が50歳以上です.
結論:
- 看護職に入る若い女性の減少は,高齢化中のRN労働力の主要な要因です.
- 介入がなければ,RNの労働力は老化し,縮小し続けるだろう.
- 予測されるRN不足は,将来のヘルスケア需要を満たさない可能性があります.
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