心血管外科手術後の長期の抗生物質予防と,手術部位感染症と抗菌剤耐性に対するその効果
S Harbarth1, M H Samore, D Lichtenberg
1Department of Epidemiology , Harvard School of Public Health, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. harbarth@a1.tch.harvard.edu
Circulation
|June 28, 2000
まとめ
冠動脈バイパス移植 (CABG) 手術後の48時間以上の抗生物質予防 (ABP) を延長することは,手術部位感染症 (SSI) を軽減しません. しかし,この慣行は,抗菌剤耐性を著しく増加させ,避けるべきです.
科学分野:
- 心血管外科手術についてです.
- 感染症疫学 感染症疫学
- 臨床薬局 臨床薬局について
背景:
- 抗生物質予防 (ABP) は,冠動脈バイパス移植 (CABG) 手術の標準です.
- 現在の慣行では,短い期間を好む証拠があるにもかかわらず,ABPはしばしば48時間を超えて延長されます.
- 手術部位感染症 (SSI) と抗菌剤耐性に対する長期ABPの影響については,さらなる調査が必要です.
研究 の 目的:
- CABG手術後のSSIを予防する短期 (<48時間) と長期 (>48時間) のABPの有効性を比較する.
- ABPの持続時間と既得抗菌剤耐性の発達との関連性を評価する.
- 心臓外科におけるABPの使用に関する根拠に基づいたガイドラインを策定する.
主な方法:
- CABGを受ける2641人の患者を対象とした4年間の観察コホート研究.
- 感染制御看護師によるSSIおよび抗菌剤耐性パターンの将来的な監視.
- 混同要因を調整するために使用される多変量モデリング.
主要な成果:
- 合計231件のSSI (8.7%) が記録され,短期および長期ABPグループ (調整されたOR,1.2;CI,0.8から1.6) の間に有意な差異はなかった.
- 長期にわたるABPは,獲得した抗菌剤耐性のリスクの増加と有意に相関していました (調整されたOR,1.6;CI,1.1〜2.6).
- 48時間以上の長期ABPの広範な使用が確認されました.
結論:
- CABG手術後48時間以上の抗生物質予防を継続することは,SSIを減らすのに効果的ではありません.
- 長期にわたるABPは,既得抗菌剤耐性を発症するリスクが高いと関連しています.
- ガイドラインは,耐性を軽減し,不必要な使用を避けるために,CABG後48時間未満にABPを制限することを推奨する必要があります.
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