エコロジー エコロジー. 侵入生物の生物学的制御 - リスクと改革
1Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. drstrong@ucdavis.edu
まとめ
生物学的制御 (BC) は,保全に不可欠ですが,ネイティブの種を害することができます. 生態学的安全性を向上させ,生物多様性を保護するために,改革が必要である.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 保護生物学の保護生物学
- 生物学的コントロール
背景:
- 生物学的制御 (BC) は,自然および農業の生態系における侵入性種の管理のために,世界中でますます使用されています.
- 一部のBC剤は,生息地種に意図せぬ悪影響を及ぼし,生態学的リスクをもたらします.
- 現在,農業の害虫を対象とした米国の規制は,原生無脊椎動物を十分に保護していない.
研究 の 目的:
- 生物学的制御剤に関連する生態学的リスクを強調する.
- BCエージェントの改善された規制枠組みと選考基準を提唱する.
- 生物学的制御の持続可能な使用を保全と農業で確保する.
主な方法:
- 生物学的制御の影響に関する既存の文献のレビュー.
- 米国における現在の規制アプローチの分析.
- BC剤に対する生態学的リスク評価の原則.
主要な成果:
- 生物学的防護剤は,本土の植物や動物に重大な脅威をもたらす可能性があります.
- 既存の規制は,非標的種,特に無脊椎動物への害を防ぐには不十分である.
- BC剤の選択と配備は,しばしば生態学的安全性を無視する.
結論:
- 生物学的制御の選択と実施において,生態学的安全性が最優先されなければならない.
- 規制の改革は,有害なBC剤からネイティブの生物多様性を保護するために不可欠です.
- 生物学的コントロールを有効な保全と農業のツールとして維持するには,バランスの取れたアプローチが必要である.
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