細菌膜タンパク質TolCの結晶構造は,多剤流出とタンパク質輸出の中心である
V Koronakis1, A Sharff, E Koronakis
1Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK.
Nature
|July 6, 2000
まとめ
グラム陰性細菌は,TolCタンパク質を介して様々な分子を輸出する. 結晶構造は,3つのTolCユニットによって形成されたユニークなチャネルトンネルを明らかにし,細菌の流出ポンプ機構を説明しています.
科学分野:
- 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- グラム陰性細菌は,内膜と外膜を持つ複雑な細胞膜を有しています.
- 細菌の生存と機能には,両方の膜にわたって多様な分子の効率的な輸送が不可欠です.
- TolCタンパク質ファミリーは,周辺プラズマを回避して,様々な基質の直接輸出に関与しています.
研究 の 目的:
- エシェリキア大腸菌からTolC外膜タンパク質の高解像度結晶構造を決定する.
- 細菌の細胞膜を横断する連続的な輸出管の形成の構造的基礎を解明する.
- TolCによる基板輸送の仕組みとその規制を提案する.
主な方法:
- 2.1-Å 解像度でのX線結晶学.
- TolC.の3次元構造の分析
- 比較構造分析とメカニズムモデリング.
主要な成果:
- エシェリキア大腸菌 (Escherichia coli TolC) の結晶構造は,新しいタンパク質の折りたたみを示しています.
- 3 つの TolC プロトマーは, 140 Å を超える連続した,溶媒でアクセス可能なチャネルトンネルに組み込まれます.
- トンネルの近接端は,巻き巻きヘリで封じられており,チャネル開通の規制メカニズムを示唆しています.
結論:
- TolC構造は,両方の細菌膜に直接輸出するための分子説明を提供します.
- TolCチャネルのアロステリック開口を含む細菌流出ポンプの一般的なメカニズムが提案されています.
- この発見は,細菌における薬剤耐性および毒性のメカニズムに関する私たちの理解を前進させます.
関連する概念動画
Fluid Mosaic Model
14.6K
Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...
14.6K
Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane
1.5K
Chloroplast outer membrane proteins encoded by the nucleus are synthesized in the cytosol. Soon after synthesis, they bind cytosolic factors such as 14-3-3 protein and the Hsp70 chaperones that keep these precursors in an unfolded state until their translocation.
Two models describe the mechanism of precursor recognition and entry across the outer membrane through the TOC complex. Model 1 suggests the newly synthesized precursor binds to the TOC receptor 159 and forms a complex.
Two models describe the mechanism of precursor recognition and entry across the outer membrane through the TOC complex. Model 1 suggests the newly synthesized precursor binds to the TOC receptor 159 and forms a complex.
1.5K
Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels
4.3K
In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an α-helix or β-strand structure. α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins are ubiquitous, whereas β-strand containing ones are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as...
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as...
4.3K
Structure of Porins
3.0K
Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and gram-negative bacteria have transmembrane, beta-barrel proteins called porins to mediate the free diffusion of ions and metabolites across the membrane. Mitochondrial porin precursors contain conserved amino acid sequences called beta signals at their C-terminal. Beta signals have a motif of PoXGXXHyXHy (Po-Polar, X-Any amino acid, G-Glycine, Hy-LargeHydrophobic), which are crucial for precursor recognition to initiate precursor assembly. Beta-barrel...
3.0K
Clathrin Coated Vesicles
8.1K
Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
8.1K
Formation of Lipopolysaccharides
1.1K
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are crucial components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, serving both structural and functional roles. It contributes to membrane stability and protects bacteria from host immune responses. LPS is composed of three major regions—lipid A, a core oligosaccharide, and an O antigen. The biosynthesis and assembly of LPS involve a highly coordinated set of enzymatic reactions and transport mechanisms. Additionally, LPS is recognized as an endotoxin,...
1.1K


