コソボでの戦争と死亡率,1998年~99年: 疫学的証言
1International Emergency and Refugee Health Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA. pspiegel@cdc.gov
Lancet (London, England)
|July 6, 2000
まとめ
コソボでは,戦争関連のトラウマが死亡率を大幅に増加させ,特に高齢の男性に影響を与えました. 高齢者のための標的型避難プログラムは,紛争中の生命の損失を防ぐために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 戦争研究 戦争研究
背景:
- 戦争中のコソボでの死亡率と死因は不明である.
- 現代戦争における民間人犠牲者の理解は,公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です.
- 脆弱な人口を特定することは,人道的な取り組みにとって不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 紛争中のコソボにおける死亡者総数,死亡率,死亡原因を特定する.
- リスクの高い脆弱な民間集団を特定する.
- 国際人道基準の遵守を評価するためのデータを提供する.
主な方法:
- 1999年9月,コソボのアルバニア人住民の間で2段階のクラスター調査が行われました.
- 紛争期間 (1998年2月 - 1999年6月) の死亡原因を含む遡及的な死亡データが収集されました.
- 調査対象は1197世帯 (8605人) でした.
主要な成果:
- 標本の105人の死亡のうち64%は戦争関連のトラウマで,合計12,000人の戦争関連の死亡が推定されています.
- 総死亡率は2.3倍に増加し,民族浄化が強化された1999年4月にピークに達した.
- 50歳以上の男性では,軍人年齢 (15歳~49歳) の男性と比較して,戦争による死亡のリスクが3.2倍高かった.
結論:
- 紛争環境における高齢者の死亡リスクの高さに対する国際的な人道的意識を高める緊急の必要性があります.
- 高齢者のための避難プログラムは,生命の損失を防ぐことができます.
- 死亡率のデータは,国際人道法の違反の証拠として役立つ.
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